Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41829652›Full record

ReviewSensors (Basel, Switzerland)2026

Air-Coupled Ultrasound Systems for Biomedical Applications: Advances in Sensors, Electronic Interfaces and Signal Processing Strategies.

Filippo Laganà, Riccardo Olivieri, Elena Stuppia, Gianluca Barile, Giuseppe Ferri, Salvatore A Pullano

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Sensors (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Filippo LaganàLaboratory of Biomedical Applications Technologies and Sensors (BATS Lab), Department of Health Sciences, Magna Græcia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.ORCID 0000-0001-6846-1784
Riccardo OlivieriDepartment of Industrial and Information Engineering and Economics, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy.ORCID 0009-0004-5494-9374
Elena StuppiaLaboratory of Biomedical Applications Technologies and Sensors (BATS Lab), Department of Health Sciences, Magna Græcia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.ORCID 0009-0003-7576-5817
Gianluca BarileDepartment of Industrial and Information Engineering and Economics, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-4937-0398
Giuseppe FerriDepartment of Industrial and Information Engineering and Economics, University of L'Aquila, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-8060-9558
Salvatore A PullanoLaboratory of Biomedical Applications Technologies and Sensors (BATS Lab), Department of Health Sciences, Magna Græcia University, 88100 Catanzaro, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-3391-1698

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Air-coupled ultrasound (ACU) is emerging as a fully non-contact sensing modality in biomedical applications. ACU applications can be broadly classified into two main domains: (i) contactless monitoring of physiological parameters and (ii) assistive aids, robotic perception in unstructured real-world environments, enabling tracking and geometric reconstruction. Advances in electronic materials and sensor design have enhanced ultrasonic sensor characteristics (e.g., bandwidth, directivity, and intensity). In parallel, progress in front-end electronics and signal processing, including artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted analysis, has enhanced ACU performance under low signal-to-noise (SNR) conditions. This review focuses on low-frequency ACU systems, with emphasis on sensor technologies, electronic interfaces, and system architectures that enable non-contact biomedical and robotic applications.

Indexed as

Biosensing TechniquesSignal Processing, Computer-AssistedAirArtificial IntelligenceEquipment DesignHumansRoboticsSignal-To-Noise RatioTransducersUltrasonographyAI-assisted devicesair-coupled ultrasonic transducerbiomedical sensingelectronic interface

Identifiers

PMID41829652
PMCPMC12987149

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.