Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41829938›Full record

Trial reportNutrients2026

Supplementation with Animal- and Plant-Derived Proteins Modulates the Structure and Predicted Metabolic Potential of the Gut Microbiota in Elite Football Players.

Bartosz Kroplewski, Katarzyna E Przybyłowicz, Tomasz Sawicki, Sebastian Wojciech Przemieniecki

Abstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph

Trial report in Nutrients, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Bartosz KroplewskiDepartment of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Food Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, ul. Słoneczna 45F, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland.ORCID 0009-0005-5940-7483
Katarzyna E PrzybyłowiczDepartment of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Food Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, ul. Słoneczna 45F, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland.ORCID 0000-0003-1061-8448
Tomasz SawickiDepartment of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Food Sciences, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, ul. Słoneczna 45F, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-4304-1625
Sebastian Wojciech PrzemienieckiDepartment of Entomology, Phytopathology and Molecular Diagnostics, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Prawocheńskiego 17, 10-720 Olsztyn, Poland.ORCID 0000-0003-1222-0310

Funding

Minister of Science Republic of Poland MEiN/2023/DPI/2862
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

BACKGROUND/

objectivesThe primary outcome of this 8-week randomized, controlled, parallel trial was to assess longitudinal shifts in gut microbiota structure and predicted metabolic potential in 45 elite football players following protein supplementation.

methodsParticipants combined resistance training with daily intake (30 g) of whey protein concentrate (WPC), pea protein isolate (PPI), rice protein isolate (RPI), or a plant-protein blend (MIX). For the acquisition of prokaryotic metataxonomic data, the V3-V8 region of the 16S rRNA gene was sequenced using Oxford Nanopore Technology (ONT). Functional potential was inferred through the MACADAM database and STAMP software. Strict dietary monitoring and gravimetric adherence checks were performed to isolate the intervention effect.

resultsWhile microbial alpha-diversity indices (Chao1, Shannon, Simpson) remained stable across all groups, significant source-specific shifts in taxonomic structure and predicted metabolic activity were identified. Whey protein concentrate (WPC) was associated with an increase in

conclusionsThe data indicate complex interactions between supplement type, exposure duration, and microbiome response, underscoring the necessity for individualized dietary recommendations and supplementation strategies to optimize gut health and training adaptation in professional football players.

Indexed as

AthletesDietary SupplementsFootballGastrointestinal MicrobiomePlant ProteinsAdultAnimalsBacteriaHumansMaleOryzaPea ProteinsResistance TrainingRNA, Ribosomal, 16SSoccerWhey ProteinsPea ProteinsPlant ProteinsRNA, Ribosomal, 16SWhey Proteinsfootball playersfunctional metagenomicsgut healthmicrobiome compositionpea proteinprotein supplementationrice proteinwhey protein

Identifiers

PMID41829938
PMCPMC12986899

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.