ReviewVaccine2026
Anticipating tuberculosis vaccine acceptability in Kenya and South Africa: a narrative review of behavioral and social drivers and strategies to optimize acceptability.
Review in Vaccine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) remains the leading infectious cause of death worldwide, yet the only vaccine currently available is the pediatric BCG, which has poor effectiveness in preventing TB in adolescents and adults. A TB vaccine for this older age group is projected to prevent 4.6-8.5 million deaths by 2050 and increase gross domestic product by US$1.6 trillion by 2080, making this a priority investment for global stakeholders. In response to the World Health Organization's End TB Strategy, several TB vaccine candidates are now in phase III clinical trials, many of which target adolescents and adults. However, research on attitudes towards a TB vaccine is limited and urgently needed among these key populations to inform vaccine demand creation, scale up needs, and implementation strategies, particularly given global trends of increased vaccine hesitancy following the introduction of novel COVID-19 vaccines. To address this gap, a literature search was conducted for published studies evaluating socio-behavioral predictors of acceptability of HPV, COVID, and childhood immunizations as proxy indicators since there is a lack of published data on TB vaccine acceptability. We focused our search within Kenya and South Africa between January 2015 and July 2025 to represent high TB burden countries. Findings were supplemented with emerging data from unpublished conference abstracts on TB vaccine attitudes. Significant predictors of vaccine acceptability included higher perceived risk of disease, older age, a sense of collective responsibility, accurate and sufficient knowledge of the vaccine, trust in government or health authorities, and confidence in vaccine safety, side effects, and efficacy. Corresponding strategies to improve TB vaccine acceptability included early and accurate public communication, engagement of community influencers and youth, and use of diverse communication platforms.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.