ArticleAesthetic surgery journal. Open forum2026
Thermal Stability of Botulinum Toxin Type A Formulations Exposed to Heat In Vitro, Assessed by an In Vivo Mouse Potency Bioassay.
Article in Aesthetic surgery journal. Open forum, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
Background: Energy-based devices (EBDs), such as high-intensity focused ultrasound, radiofrequency, and microwave, are increasingly used for facial rejuvenation, raising concerns about whether heat exposure may affect the potency of botulinum toxin. Objectives: This study investigated the thermal stability of 4 commercial botulinum toxin type A (BoNT/A) products under conditions simulating EBD-related heat exposure, which includes 1 liquid formulation (INNOTOX, Medytox, Seoul, South Korea; hereafter referred to as innoBoNT/A) and 3 powder formulations: onabotulinumtoxinA (onaBoNT/A, BOTOX, Allergan, an Abbvie company, North Chicago, IL), incobotulinumtoxinA (incoBoNT/A, XEOMIN, Merz, Frankfurt, Germany), and abobotulinumtoxinA (aboBoNT/A, DYSPORT, Ipsen, Boulogne-Billancourt, France). Methods: Mouse intraperitoneal LD Results: InnoBoNT/A maintained its potency after 25 min of exposure at 60°C, showing no significant loss of biological activity. In contrast, onaBoNT/A, incoBoNT/A, and aboBoNT/A displayed marked reduction in potency under the same conditions. In particular, onaBoNT/A showed a 32% decrease upon exposure at 60°C for 25 min and a complete loss of measurable potency at when exposed at 60°C for 40 min. Conclusions: Among the BoNT/A formulations evaluated, only the liquid-stabilized preparation preserved potency during thermal stress. Level of Evidence 4 Therapeutic:
Identifiers
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.