ArticleClinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology2026
Exploring the Immunological Implications of Insoluble Particulate Impurities in Hyaluronic Acid Fillers: Integrated Physicochemical and Histological Analyses of the Cohesive Polydensified Matrix Range.
Article in Clinical, cosmetic and investigational dermatology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- See, Touch, Feel, and Express: Achieving Safe and Natural Outcomes With HA Fillers-An International Consensus.Journal of cosmetic dermatology · 2026Review
- Incidence and Characteristics of Delayed Inflammatory Reactions Secondary to Hyaluronic Acid Filler Injections: A Systematic Review With Meta-Analysis.Aesthetic surgery journal. Open forum · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Emerging research has identified insoluble particulate impurities in hyaluronic acid (HA) fillers as a potential factor in modulating inflammatory responses to HA fillers. This integrated study aims to characterize insoluble particles and assess the tissue integration and inflammatory potential of the cohesive polydensified matrix hyaluronic acid (CPM-HA) range of fillers. Materials and Methods: Samples were prepared by degrading five CPM-HA fillers of varying concentration and rheology using hyaluronidase. An insoluble particle counter was employed to quantify the number of particles of size ≥10 µm and ≥25 µm present. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) were used to characterize insoluble particles. In vivo evaluation of CPM-HA fillers containing 20 mg/mL HA (CPM-HA S and CPM-HA R) in two healthy volunteers was performed at 1-week and 4-weeks after intradermal injection, via punch biopsy and histological assessments. Results: The absolute number of insoluble particles in the CPM-HA fillers were low and beneath established pharmacopeial thresholds for injectables. SEM/EDS analysis determined the presence of expected manufacturing-related constituents including sodium (Na), chloride (Cl) and sulfur (S), while confirming the absence of immunologically relevant particulate matter such as silicon (Si), iron (Fe) and aluminum (Al). Hematoxylin and eosin staining of biopsy specimens revealed good tissue integration and no significant inflammatory response following injection of CPM-HA S and CPM-HA R. Conclusion: CPM-HA fillers exhibited high purity with low levels of insoluble particulate matter and no potential immunologic adjuvants, with preliminary in vivo analyses indicating an absence of inflammatory responses.
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