Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41836455›Full record

ArticleJournal of pain research2026

Early Postoperative Pain and Its Risk Factors in Patients Undergoing Total Knee Arthroplasty Under the ERAS Protocol.

Liming Wu, Shiyu Sun, Yanpeng Kan, Xing Liu, Qiong Wu

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of pain research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Liming Wu *Department of Pain Medicine, The Fifth People's Hospital of Wujiang Area, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215200, People's Republic of China.
Shiyu Sun *Department of Pain Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, People's Republic of China.
Yanpeng Kan *Department of Pain Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200072, People's Republic of China.
Xing LiuDepartment of Pain Medicine, The Fifth People's Hospital of Wujiang Area, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215200, People's Republic of China.
Qiong WuDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine, The Ninth People's Hospital of Suzhou, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215000, People's Republic of China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) is a multidisciplinary, evidence-based protocol designed to accelerate patient recovery after surgery. While applied to total knee arthroplasty (TKA) to optimize perioperative care, a significant risk of early postoperative pain persists. This study aims to investigate the current status and identify key high-risk factors for early pain in TKA patients under ERAS, facilitating the development of targeted strategies to alleviate pain and enhance recovery. Methods: We conducted a retrospective analysis of 183 patients who underwent TKA under the ERAS protocol at our hospital. On postoperative day 3, patients were categorized using the Numerical Rating Scale (NRS): those with NRS scores ≤3 formed the mild pain group (n=132), and those with scores >3 constituted the moderate-to-severe pain group (n=51). Clinical data were compared, and univariate along with multivariate logistic regression analyses were employed to identify independent risk factors for early postoperative pain. Results: Of the 183 patients, 51 (27.87%) experienced moderate-to-severe pain. Comparative analysis revealed significant differences between the two groups in intraoperative tourniquet time, preoperative Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAMA) score, preoperative quadriceps thickness, and preoperative Knee Society Score (KSS). Multivariate analysis confirmed these four factors as independent risk factors. A predictive nomogram model built on these factors demonstrated good calibration and a high predictive value, with an Area Under the Curve (AUC) of 0.892. Furthermore, NRS scores showed a positive correlation with tourniquet time and HAMA scores, and a negative correlation with quadriceps thickness and KSS scores. Conclusion: A notable proportion of TKA patients under ERAS still experience moderate-to-severe early postoperative pain. This pain is independently associated with longer tourniquet time, higher preoperative anxiety, thinner quadriceps, and lower preoperative KSS. These factors are valuable for predicting pain, enabling early targeted interventions to minimize its occurrence and promote recovery.

Indexed as

early postoperative painenhanced recovery after surgeryknee osteoarthritistotal knee arthroplasty

Identifiers

PMID41836455
PMCPMC12988629

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.