ReviewFrontiers in psychiatry2026
Neuromodulation and rehabilitation of post-stroke cognitive impairment: challenges and prospects.
Review in Frontiers in psychiatry, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Neuroimmune Regulation in Posttraumatic Bone Repair: From Inflammatory Transition to Neurovascular Coupling and Functional Recovery.Journal of cellular physiology · 2026Review
- Neuroimmune regulation of post-traumatic bone regeneration: focus on inflammatory switching and functional recovery.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
It is essential to recognize the significant daily impact that post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) has on patients and their families. Neuromodulation strategies have been increasingly applied in the clinical management of PSCI. This review outlines the mechanisms and brain function detection approaches through which neuromodulation promotes cognitive enhancement in stroke patients. For cognitive recovery, transcranial magnetic stimulation, transcranial electrical stimulation, vagus nerve stimulation, and brain-computer interfaces have shown promising results in clinical and preclinical studies. However, their efficacy remains unproven in large-scale pivotal trials. Preliminary clinical trials have shown that photobiomodulation enhances cognitive performance, but further investigation is required into the issue of skull attenuation of light. Transcranial ultrasound stimulation, a novel technology that overcomes the limitation of requiring deep electrode implantation for focal deep brain stimulation, still lacks scientific evidence. Chemogenetics and optogenetics provide methods for monitoring, disrupting, and regulating neural circuits after a stroke. To enhance the effectiveness of neuromodulation, it is recommended to implement multi-target stimulation, strengthen active participation in rehabilitation, and leverage cognitive-motor interactions to promote holistic recovery after stroke. Finally, we propose that neuromodulation will evolve toward brain-machine interaction neuromodulation, using artificial intelligence to develop a closed-loop strategy encompassing stimulation, detection, optimization, and re-stimulation.
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.