ReviewAnnals of medicine2026
Growth factor applications and clinical translation: advances and challenges.
Review in Annals of medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Smart and stimuli-responsive hydrogels for controlled exosome delivery in bone tissue engineering: from passive carriers to intelligent therapeutic platforms.Cell and tissue banking · 2026Review
- Comparison of Nerve Growth Factor with Fetal Bovine Serum for Promoting Closure of Defects in Corneal Epithelial Cell Layers.Biomedicines · 2026Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundGrowth factors (GFs), as key molecules regulating cellular processes, demonstrate therapeutic potential in fields such as regenerative medicine, oncology, and metabolic regulation. However, inherent pharmacokinetic limitations, off-target effects, and safety concerns significantly hinder clinical translation. Although in-depth studies on mechanisms of action, smart delivery systems, and regulatory networks have improved GFs' stability, targeting, and safety - leading to clinical approvals of some related drugs - high costs, complex large-scale production processes, and the intricacy of the DISCUSSION: This review systematically examines the classification and fundamental research progress of GFs, emphasizing their current applications in neurodegenerative diseases, bone regeneration, and metabolic disorders. It thoroughly analyzes major challenges in clinical translation, including suboptimal pharmacokinetic properties, difficulties in precise delivery, potential side effects, and high industrial production costs. To address these bottlenecks, the paper summarizes corresponding solutions, such as structural optimization through protein engineering and chemical modification, development of smart responsive delivery systems (e.g. extracellular vesicle-based platforms), and utilization of multi-factor sequential release technologies to mimic physiological repair processes.
conclusionBy synthesizing current advances and existing constraints, this study aims to provide a comprehensive roadmap and technical reference for accelerating the development of next-generation GF therapies. Future research should focus on developing scalable delivery platforms, reducing production costs through synthetic biology, and strengthening biomarker-based translational studies. Multidisciplinary integration holds promise for advancing GFs therapies towards greater precision, safety, and efficacy, positioning them as core therapeutic tools in the era of precision medicine for addressing degenerative diseases, tissue damage, and metabolic disorders.
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.