ReviewDiscover oncology2026
Role of CTLA-4 blockade and dacarbazine therapy following anti-PD-1 resistance in melanoma.
Review in Discover oncology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Many patients with advanced melanoma eventually stop responding to PD-1 immunotherapy, and effective treatments are limited. Recent studies suggest that older chemotherapy drugs such as dacarbazine and temozolomide may work better after prior PD-1 therapy and can stimulate the immune system when combined with CTLA-4 blockade (ipilimumab). This review summarises clinical evidence and biological mechanisms supporting these combinations, including how chemotherapy-induced DNA damage can release tumour antigens, activate interferon pathways, and reawaken exhausted T cells. Because these regimens are relatively safe, inexpensive, and widely available, they may provide a realistic treatment option for patients in health systems where modern cell-based therapies are not accessible. Further clinical trials with integrated biomarker research are needed to identify which patients benefit most from this approach.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.