Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41838949›Full record

ArticleMolecules (Basel, Switzerland)2026

RETRACTED: Rauf et al. Neuroinflammatory Markers: Key Indicators in the Pathology of Neurodegenerative Diseases.

Abdur Rauf, Himani Badoni, Tareq Abu-Izneid, Ahmed Olatunde, Md Mominur Rahman, Sakshi Painuli, Prabhakar Semwal, Polrat Wilairatana, Mohammad S Mubarak

Abstract readRetraction Notice
In one paragraph

Article in Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
8citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

8 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Frontiers in nutrition · 2026
    Article
  7. Review
  8. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Abdur RaufDepartment of Chemistry, University of Swabi, Anbar 23561, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.ORCID 0000-0003-2429-5491
Himani BadoniDepartment of Biotechnology, School of Applied and Life Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Premnagar, Dehradun 248006, India.ORCID 0000-0002-6915-7263
Tareq Abu-IzneidPharmaceutical Sciences Department, College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University for Science and Technology, Al Ain 64141, United Arab Emirates.ORCID 0000-0003-2252-6225
Ahmed OlatundeDepartment of Medical Biochemistry, Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University, Bauchi 740272, Nigeria.ORCID 0000-0002-8300-4538
Md Mominur RahmanDepartment of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh.ORCID 0000-0003-2357-283X
Sakshi PainuliUttarakhand Council for Biotechnology (UCB), Premnagar, Dehradun 248007, India.ORCID 0000-0002-8941-2006
Prabhakar SemwalDepartment of Life Sciences, Graphic Era (Deemed To Be University), Dehradun 248002, India.ORCID 0000-0001-5137-5169
Polrat WilairatanaDepartment of Clinical Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand.ORCID 0000-0002-2730-7788
Mohammad S MubarakDepartment of Chemistry, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan.ORCID 0000-0002-9782-0835

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The journal retracts the review article titled "Neuroinflammatory Markers: Key Indicators in the Pathology of Neurodegenerative Diseases" [...].

Identifiers

PMID41838949
PMCPMC12991313

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.