Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41840196›Full record

ArticleInternational urology and nephrology2026

Intradialytic protein supplementation: a comparative study of fish and whey protein on amino acid profiles of patients undergoing hemodialysis.

Ryota Matsuzawa, Kiyoshi Shimokado, Kanae Takahashi, Yuko Obama, Sawako Honda, Naoyuki Tsujimoto, Hiromi Yamamoto, Akira Tamaki

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Article in International urology and nephrology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Ryota MatsuzawaDepartment of Physical Therapy, School of Rehabilitation, Hyogo Medical University, 1-3-6 Minatojima, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-8530, Japan. ryota122560@gmail.com.
Kiyoshi ShimokadoShimokado Renal Dialysis Clinic, Kobe, Japan.
Kanae TakahashiDepartment of Medical Statistics, Osaka Metropolitan University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.
Yuko ObamaShimokado Renal Dialysis Clinic, Kobe, Japan.
Sawako HondaShimokado Renal Dialysis Clinic, Kobe, Japan.
Naoyuki TsujimotoMikami Clinic Second Branch, Amagasaki, Japan.
Hiromi YamamotoShimokado Renal Dialysis Clinic, Kobe, Japan.
Akira TamakiDepartment of Physical Therapy, School of Rehabilitation, Hyogo Medical University, 1-3-6 Minatojima, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-8530, Japan.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeIn patients undergoing hemodialysis, poor nutritional status frequently occurs due to depletion of essential nutrients, amino acids, during dialysis sessions. Protein supplementation during dialysis is becoming common to counteract this loss. We compared effects of intradialytic ingestion of fish protein, a novel protein source, with those of the traditionally used whey protein, on blood amino acid levels in patients undergoing hemodialysis.

methodsTen outpatients aged ≥ 60 years undergoing hemodialysis were enrolled in this single-intervention crossover study. Participants underwent three mid-week dialysis sessions with a one-week washout period. During the first session, blood and spent dialysate samples were collected without protein ingestion. In subsequent sessions, participants consumed fish or whey protein soups 30 min after dialysis initiation, followed by blood and spent dialysate sample collection. The effects on amino acid concentrations, including those of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), were analyzed using a mixed model for repeated measures.

resultsBoth proteins significantly elevated BCAA concentrations compared with usual care. The effect of fish protein persisted until the end of dialysis (p = 0.016), whereas that of whey protein lasted up to 180 min after dialysis initiation (p = 0.002). Whey protein intake resulted in significantly higher amino acid levels than fish protein intake 30-90 min post-ingestion (p < 0.001), with no differences observed thereafter.

conclusionBoth fish and whey protein intake increased amino acid levels compared with usual care. Whey protein induced a rapid increase in levels, whereas fish protein included a slower but sustained increase in levels. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER AND DATE OF REGISTRATION: The study protocol was registered in the UMIN Clinical Trials Registry (UMIN000050805).

Indexed as

FrailtyNutritionRenal failureRenal replacement therapySarcopenia

Identifiers

PMID41840196

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.