Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41840767›Full record

ArticleDento maxillo facial radiology2026

Cardiovascular events and mortality among patients and controls with calcified carotid artery atheromas on panoramic radiographs: a 10-year follow-up of the PAROKRANK study.

Hessamoddin Faghihian, Eva Levring Jäghagen, Jan Ahlqvist, Kåre Buhlin, Anna Norhammar, Ulf Näslund, Nils Gustafsson

Abstract readMulticenter Study
In one paragraph

Article in Dento maxillo facial radiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Hessamoddin FaghihianOral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, SE-90187 Umeå, Sweden.ORCID 0000-0001-8474-3810
Eva Levring JäghagenOral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, SE-90187 Umeå, Sweden.ORCID 0000-0001-8807-3500
Jan AhlqvistOral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, SE-90187 Umeå, Sweden.ORCID 0000-0002-9599-5615
Kåre BuhlinDivision of Periodontology, Institute of Odontology, Karolinska Institute, SE-14104 Huddinge, Sweden.ORCID 0000-0003-3799-8567
Anna NorhammarCardiology, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute, SE-17177 Stockholm, Sweden.ORCID 0000-0002-4467-0132
Ulf NäslundCardiology, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, SE-90187 Umeå, Sweden.ORCID 0000-0003-4100-8298
Nils GustafssonOral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Department of Odontology, Umeå University, SE-90187 Umeå, Sweden.ORCID 0000-0003-1120-8993

Funding

AFA Insurance, Swedish Heart-Lung Foundation, Swedish Research Council, Swedish Society of Medicine, Region Stockholm (ALF project)CO Henriksons Foundation, The Stroke FoundationSwedish Dental SocietyTUA research funding of Västerbotten County Council 1005000TUA research funding of Västerbotten County Council 7003195TUA research funding of Västerbotten County Council 7004491
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectivesThis study investigated the long-term risk of cardiovascular events and all-cause mortality among participants with calcified carotid artery atheroma (CCAA) on panoramic radiographs (PRs) in the Periodontitis and its Relation to Coronary Artery Disease (PAROKRANK) study.

methodsIn the multicenter, multidisciplinary PAROKRANK study, 805 patients with a first myocardial infarction (MI) and 805 matched controls without MI were recruited at 17 hospitals in Sweden. At baseline, the participants were examined with PR, and in 737 patients and 739 controls, the carotid artery region was assessable. Calcified carotid artery atheromas were identified in 251 (34%) patients and 205 (28%) controls at baseline. The primary endpoint was defined as the first occurrence of all-cause mortality, non-fatal MI, non-fatal stroke, or hospitalization following heart failure after a mean follow-up of 10 years. The risks of cardiovascular events and death were evaluated using event survival analysis and regression models.

resultsParticipants with bilateral CCAAs, regardless of whether they were patients or controls, had significantly higher mortality and morbidity than those without CCAA (P < .001). The risk of cardiovascular events was increased in the presence of bilateral CCAAs among both controls (hazard ratio = 1.96 [95% CI, 1.21-3.16], P = .006) and patients (1.67 [1.15-2.43], P = .007).

conclusionBilateral CCAAs on PRs were an indicator of an increased risk of future cardiovascular events and early death among both controls and patients in the PAROKRANK study. Therefore, dentists can detect CCAA on PR and contribute to identifying individuals in need of medical attention and treatment of cardiovascular disease to prevent morbidity and early death.

Indexed as

CalcinosisCardiovascular DiseasesCarotid Artery DiseasesPlaque, AtheroscleroticRadiography, PanoramicAgedCase-Control StudiesCause of DeathFemaleFollow-Up StudiesHeart FailureHumansMaleMiddle AgedMyocardial InfarctionStrokeatherosclerosiscardiovascular diseasecarotid arteriespanoramic radiography

Identifiers

PMID41840767
PMCPMC13317948

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.