Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41844362›Full record

ArticleNucleic acids research2026

The kinase inhibitor palbociclib binds to HIV TAR RNA with very low nanomolar affinity and exquisite specificity.

Ravinth Reddy Ramireddy, Matthew D Shortridge, Venkata Vidalala, Bhawna Chaubey, Changyan Tang, Gregory L Olsen, Gabriele Varani

Erratum issuedAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Nucleic acids research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Ravinth Reddy RamireddyDepartment of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle WA 98195-1700, United States.
Matthew D ShortridgeDepartment of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle WA 98195-1700, United States.ORCID 0000-0003-2825-6836
Venkata VidalalaDepartment of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle WA 98195-1700, United States.
Bhawna ChaubeyDepartment of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle WA 98195-1700, United States.
Changyan TangDepartment of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle WA 98195-1700, United States.
Gregory L OlsenDepartment of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle WA 98195-1700, United States.ORCID 0000-0001-6039-8434
Gabriele VaraniDepartment of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle WA 98195-1700, United States.ORCID 0000-0001-6642-7144

Funding

ncRNA: structure, function and inhibitionR35GM126942 · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · 2025 to 2025
$673k
NIGMS NIH HHS 1R35GM126942NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM110569NIGMS NIH HHS R35 GM126942NIH HHSWashington Research Foundation
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

We report that the kinase inhibitor Palbociclib is a very low nanomolar ligand for the HIV-1 TAR, a paradigmatic 'difficult-to-drug' RNA. Binding is exquisitely specific, since simple chemical modifications of the small molecule, single nucleotide substitutions, or base pair inversions abolish high affinity binding, and is independent from kinase inhibition. Palbociclib also inhibits recruitment of the super elongation complex (SEC) at low nM concentration, the long-standing aim of Tat-TAR targeting efforts. Thus, we demonstrate that low nM affinity, specificity, and potent biochemical activity against 'undruggable' RNAs can be readily found within the chemical space of drugs. The structural basis for binding and biochemical activity is demonstrated in the accompanying manuscript.

Indexed as

HIV-1HIV Long Terminal RepeatPiperazinesProtein Kinase InhibitorsPyridinesRNA, ViralBinding SitesHumansModels, MolecularProtein BindingpalbociclibPiperazinesProtein Kinase InhibitorsPyridinesRNA, Viral

Identifiers

PMID41844362
PMCPMC12995395

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.