Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41844736›Full record

ArticleScientific reports2026

Salivary immune alteration persists after caries treatment.

Elisa Ximena Huerta-García, Paola Andrea Camargo-Ayala, Nathalia B Dias, Fabiane M Nachtigall, Leonardo S Santos, César Rivera, Juliana N Botelho

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Elisa Ximena Huerta-GarcíaDepartamento de Ciencias Básicas Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile.
Paola Andrea Camargo-AyalaDepartamento de Ciencias Básicas Biomédicas, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile.
Nathalia B DiasScientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus, BIOREN, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile.
Fabiane M NachtigallInstituto de Ciencias Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Talca, Chile.
Leonardo S SantosInstituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile.
César RiveraDepartamento de Estomatología, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile.
Juliana N BotelhoDepartamento de Pediatría Estomatológica, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile. jbotelho@utalca.cl.

Funding

Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo FONDECYT Iniciación num. #11190607
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Dental caries is a highly prevalent disease involving complex local immune alterations that contribute to its progression and resolution. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of dental treatment on the salivary immunoproteome in individuals with dental caries using a longitudinal, group-level proteomic approach based on biological pooling, and to descriptively explore associated changes in salivary bacterial composition. Stimulated and unstimulated saliva samples were collected from 46 participants across three clinical phases: diagnosis, post-non-invasive/microinvasive treatment, and post-invasive/restorative treatment. Proteomic profiling was performed using nLC-MS/MS, while salivary bacterial composition was assessed descriptively by MALDI-TOF MS-based identification. Data analysis included functional enrichment and pathway-level characterization. The results indicate a progressive normalization of several immune-related pathways following treatment, whereas neutrophil degranulation remained active with a reconfigured protein composition. Nine proteins, including secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI) and mucin 7 (MUC7), remained differentially abundant across all clinical phases, defining a stable immunoproteomic pattern associated with caries susceptibility. Overall, these findings indicate that dental treatment modulates the salivary immunoproteome and highlight persistent immune features that may reflect a post-treatment adaptive state, supporting the relevance of the SLPI-MUC7 axis as a potential indicator of host susceptibility to dental caries.

Indexed as

Dental CariesSalivaAdultFemaleHumansLongitudinal StudiesMaleProteomeProteomicsSalivary Proteins and PeptidesSecretory Leukocyte Peptidase InhibitorTandem Mass SpectrometryProteomeSalivary Proteins and PeptidesSecretory Leukocyte Peptidase InhibitorSLPI protein, humanDental cariesImmunityMass SpectrometryMUC7SalivaSLPI

Identifiers

PMID41844736
PMCPMC13133406

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.