Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41845221›Full record

ArticleBMC microbiology2026

Lactobacillus protects against lead-induced hepatotoxicity by preserving the gut barrier and microbiota remodeling.

Yu-Cheng Chin, Chih-Chia Huang, I-Ling Hsu, Wan-Hua Tsai, Chia-Hsuan Chou, Yi-Ting Fang, Jian-Jia Su, Yao-Tsung Yeh, Hui-Yun Tsai, Cheng-Hsieh Huang and 1 more

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in BMC microbiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Yu-Cheng Chin *Department of Photonics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
Chih-Chia Huang *Department of Photonics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
I-Ling HsuResearch and Development Department, GenMont Biotech Incorporation, Tainan, Taiwan.
Wan-Hua TsaiResearch and Development Department, GenMont Biotech Incorporation, Tainan, Taiwan.
Chia-Hsuan ChouResearch and Development Department, GenMont Biotech Incorporation, Tainan, Taiwan.
Yi-Ting FangResearch and Development Department, GenMont Biotech Incorporation, Tainan, Taiwan.
Jian-Jia SuResearch and Development Department, GenMont Biotech Incorporation, Tainan, Taiwan.
Yao-Tsung YehAging and Disease Prevention Research Center, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Hui-Yun TsaiDepartment of Nutrition and Health Science, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Cheng-Hsieh HuangAging and Disease Prevention Research Center, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
Szu-Wei HuangDepartment of Veterinary Medicine, National Chiayi University, No. 580, Xinmin Rd, Chiayi City, Taiwan. holancat@mail.ncyu.edu.tw.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Lead (Pb) toxicity is a global health concern that primarily affects the liver. This study explored the protective effects of lactobacilli against Pb(II)-induced hepatotoxicity in mice. Three strains of lactobacilli—Lacticaseibacillus paracasei GMNL-32, Limosilactobacillus fermentum GMNL-93, and Lacticaseibacillus casei GMNL-277—were evaluated for Pb adsorption and antioxidant activity. In a chronic Pb(II) exposure mouse model, GMNL-93 and GMNL-277 more effectively mitigated Pb(II)-associated liver damage, and upregulated RNA expression of gut function-associated proteins (e.g., Cldn3, Cldn5, and Muc5). Microbiome and functional pathway analyses suggested strain-specific modes of action: GMNL-93 was associated with shifts in microbial composition and enrichment of pathways linked to redox balance and bile acid metabolism, whereas GMNL-277 was linked to enhanced thiamine-related metabolism; GMNL-32 showed comparatively limited protective. Overall, lactobacilli are promising candidates for reducing lead toxicity through directly interaction and microbiome-dependent host protection.

Indexed as

Chemical and Drug Induced Liver InjuryGastrointestinal MicrobiomeLactobacillusLeadProbioticsAnimalsIntestinal Barrier FunctionLiverMaleMiceLeadGut microbiotaHepatotoxicityIntestinal barrierLacticaseibacillus caseiLacticaseibacillus paracaseiLead toxicityLimosilactobacillus fermentum

Identifiers

PMID41845221
PMCPMC13107667

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.