ArticleBMC pregnancy and childbirth2026
Trimester-specific exposure to PM
Article in BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Abstract
This study investigated trimester-specific associations between maternal exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) chemical constituents, precursor gases, and low birth weight (LBW) risk. Using a retrospective cohort of 4,855 singleton live births in Beijing (2017–2018), the study assessed exposure to 8 PM2.5 components and 4 precursor gases across pregnancy stages via logistic regression and quantile g-computation for mixture effects. The LBW prevalence was 3.7%. Third-trimester exposure to PM2.5-bound nitrate (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 2.3, 95% CI: 1.4–3.4) and NO2 (aOR = 3.5, 95% CI: 1.9–6.7) showed strongest associations with LBW. Whole-pregnancy exposure to magnesium (aOR = 2.4, 95% CI: 1.2–4.4) and O3 (aOR = 2.0, 95% CI: 1.4–2.8) also demonstrated significant risks. Mixture analysis identified potassium and calcium as the strongest positive PM2.5 contributors to LBW risk, while HNO2 and NO2 dominated precursor gas impacts. These findings emphasize that chemical composition should be explicitly considered in air pollution studies to achieve a comprehensive assessment of health effects. Targeting pollution sources characterized by nitrate-rich combustion products and traffic-related emissions, especially during late pregnancy, could yield substantial public health benefits by reducing LBW incidence.
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