Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41845582›Full record

ArticleJournal of the American Geriatrics Society2026

Use of Conventional Artificial Intelligence Methods in the Identification of Frailty: A Scoping Review.

Kunal Ashok Dalsania, Alixe Ménard, Shruthi Sundararaman, Arya Rahgozar, Sarah de Lima, Xintong Lu, Aya Al-Ali, Krishnpriya Singh, Ramtin Hakimjavadi, Hui Yan and 11 more

Abstract readScoping Review
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of the American Geriatrics Society, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

21 authors.

Kunal Ashok DalsaniaInterdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.ORCID 0009-0008-9087-396X
Alixe MénardInterdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.ORCID 0000-0002-5509-8960
Shruthi SundararamanBruyère Health Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Arya RahgozarDepartment of Family Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.ORCID 0000-0002-2127-2449
Sarah de LimaInterdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Xintong LuInterdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Aya Al-AliInterdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Krishnpriya SinghInterdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Ramtin HakimjavadiBruyère Health Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.ORCID 0000-0002-7269-2857
Hui YanFaculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Claire SethuramFaculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.ORCID 0000-0003-4964-0183
Howard BergmanFamily Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.ORCID 0000-0002-7410-1707
Jim LaPlanteCare Partner, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.
Daniel McIsaacAnesthesiology and Pain Medicine, the Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.ORCID 0000-0002-8543-1859
Samira Abbasgholizadeh RahimiDepartment of Family Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.ORCID 0000-0003-3781-1360
Nadia SourialDepartment of Health Management, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.ORCID 0000-0002-5504-8680
Manpreet ThandiCentre for Health Services and Policy Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.ORCID 0000-0001-9949-5733
Sabrina WongCentre for Health Services and Policy Research, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
Clare LiddyBruyère Health Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.ORCID 0000-0003-0699-5494
Karen Bandeen-RocheJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.ORCID 0000-0003-3895-8313
Sathya KarunananthanInterdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.ORCID 0000-0002-4247-4752

Funding

CIHR PNN-177926Fonds de Recherche du Québec-Santé (FRQS)Natural Sciences Research Council (NSERC) Discovery 2020-05246
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundEarly identification and management of frailty are crucial, yet its detection in early stages remains difficult for clinicians. Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a promising tool in healthcare. However, the absence of a standard frailty definition and diversity of AI methods create a need for a comprehensive review. This study examines the clinical tools and conceptual frameworks used as reference standards in training AI algorithms for frailty identification and management, describes current AI methods, and explores the engagement of knowledge users in developing and evaluating these technologies.

methodsA scoping review was conducted following the Arksey and O'Malley framework, enhanced by Levac et al. and the Joanna Briggs Institute. Eight academic databases-Medline, Embase, PsycInfo, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Ageline, Web of Science, Scopus, and Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Xplore-and one gray literature source-ProQuest Dissertations & Theses Global-were searched. Abstracts and full-text screening and data charting were performed in duplicate. Results were summarized through text and graphical representations.

resultsThe review included 33 publications, predominantly emerging after 2020. Twenty-three different AI techniques were presented, with standard modeling approaches such as logistic regression and decision trees being most common. Among the 21 distinct reference standards used to train AI models, the Physical Frailty Phenotype was cited most frequently (n = 7). Most AI methods (n = 27) prioritized frailty identification, one addressed frailty management, and five focused on both. None of the papers engaged knowledge users in defining or validating AI tools, and only three studies explored algorithmic biases that could lead to inequities.

conclusionsLike the broader frailty literature, emerging AI tools lack a consistent definition of frailty, leading to design and implementation inconsistencies. The absence of knowledge user involvement may further limit the clinical relevance and equity of these technologies.

trial registrationOSF Registries [https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/T54G8].

Indexed as

Artificial IntelligenceFrail ElderlyFrailtyGeriatric AssessmentAgedAlgorithmsHumansartificial intelligencedigital healthfrailtyhealthy aging

Identifiers

PMID41845582
PMCPMC13418579

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.