SynthesisFrontiers in medicine2026
Efficacy and safety of soluble guanylate cyclase stimulators or activators for chronic kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in Frontiers in medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) poses a major global health burden, leading to serious complications and death. The nitric oxide (NO)-soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC)-cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) signaling axis regulates various kidney functions. sGC stimulators (sGCs) and activators (sGCa) are emerging as a potential new approach for the treatment of renal disorders. However, there is still a lack of large-scale research on CKD. Methods: We systematically searched the PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases from January 1971 to December 2025 to identify studies examining the effects of sGCs or sGCa on CKD. Pooled standardized mean differences (SMDs) or odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for study outcomes. Results: Ten studies were included in the final analysis. The administration of sGCs or sGCa was associated with significant reductions in kidney weight (SMD = -1.55, 95%CI: -2.19, -0.90), systolic blood pressure (SMD = -3.52, 95%CI: -6.48, -0.56), and serum uric acid levels (SMD = -3.82, 95%CI: -4.84, -2.80), alongside improved renal function (serum creatinine: SMD = -3.24, 95%CI: -4.94, -1.55; blood urea nitrogen: SMD = -3.53, 95%CI: -5.30, -1.76). However, no significant impact on body weight was observed (SMD = -0.24, 95%CI: -1.17, 0.68). Subgroup analysis indicated that treatment efficacy remained consistent regardless of the specific sGC type but may vary across different forms of chronic kidney disease. Conclusion: This preclinical meta-analysis indicates that sGC stimulators and activators exert renoprotective effects in CKD, with efficacy potentially influenced by disease etiology. By restoring impaired NO-sGC-cGMP signaling through distinct mechanisms, these agents may offer complementary therapeutic options for different CKD types and inform future clinical trial design. Systematic review registration: The present study has been registered on PROSPERO (Registration No. CRD420251162902).
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.