ArticleInternational journal of clinical and health psychology : IJCHP
Sleeping under attack: Sleep disruption and next-day emotions during active wartime.
Article in International journal of clinical and health psychology : IJCHP. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Exposure to war is associated with marked impairments in both sleep and mental health, yet the short-term emotional consequences of war-related nighttime disturbances remain poorly understood. Leveraging nighttime air-raid alerts during the 2025 Israel-Iran war as a naturalistic manipulation, the present study examined their effects on civilians' sleep and next-day emotions, testing sleep disruption as a mediator and evaluating the roles of siren timing and shelter characteristics. Methods: A total of 1340 adults residing in Israel (74% female; Results: Exposure to nighttime air-raid sirens was associated with 39 fewer minutes of sleep and 34 additional minutes of nocturnal wakefulness compared to non-exposure. Exposed individuals also reported elevated anxiety-depression symptoms and reduced mood the following day. Sleep disruption fully mediated the relationship between nighttime siren exposure and next-day anxiety-depression, and partially mediated effects on mood. Moreover, the magnitude of sleep disruption varied by attack timing and shelter characteristics, with early-morning sirens and external sheltering associated with particularly poor outcomes. Conclusions: Sleep disruption represents a key mechanism linking nighttime attacks to emotional harm in conflict-affected civilians. These findings identify sleep as a critical and modifiable intervention target for protecting mental health during wartime. Interventions to preserve or restore sleep may help mitigate the psychological toll of armed conflict on civilian populations.
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