Evidence mapPaperPMID 41848212Full record

Observational studyNeuropathology and applied neurobiology2026

Myofibre Density Reveals a Critical Threshold Around Age 6 in Steroid-Naïve Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy: A Retrospective Observational Study.

Tetsuhiro Yamakado, Yuka Ishikawa, Koki Ise, Lei Wang, Yoshitaka Oda, Masumi Tsuda, Taichi Kimura, Masayoshi Nagao, Manabu Ito, Shinya Tanaka and 1 more

Abstract readObservational Study
In one paragraph

Observational study in Neuropathology and applied neurobiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Tetsuhiro YamakadoDepartment of Cancer Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.ORCID 0009-0008-1434-5743
Yuka IshikawaCenter for Neuromuscular Disease, Child Health and Development, National Hospital Organization Hokkaido Medical Center, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.ORCID 0000-0002-1406-9768
Koki IseDepartment of Cancer Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.ORCID 0000-0002-9682-9328
Lei WangDepartment of Cancer Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.ORCID 0000-0001-6145-395X
Yoshitaka OdaDepartment of Cancer Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.ORCID 0000-0002-3770-9684
Masumi TsudaDepartment of Cancer Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.ORCID 0000-0001-5400-5905
Taichi KimuraDepartment of Cancer Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.ORCID 0009-0006-6017-1364
Masayoshi NagaoDepartment of Pediatrics, National Hospital Organization Hokkaido Medical Center, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.ORCID 0000-0003-4479-1070
Manabu ItoDepartment of Orthopedics, National Hospital Organization Hokkaido Medical Center, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.ORCID 0000-0003-2390-6422
Shinya TanakaDepartment of Cancer Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.ORCID 0000-0001-6470-3301
Zen-Ichi TaneiDepartment of Cancer Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.ORCID 0000-0003-3474-2646

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

aimsIn Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), robust histological markers for assessing early disease progression remain elusive. We defined myofibre density (MFD) as the count of myofibres per square millimetre, which, in our preliminary survey of DMD muscle biopsies, steeply declined with age (Spearman's ρ: -0.85). We aimed to characterise age-dependent MFD dynamics in early-stage DMD.

methodsWe retrospectively assessed 46 archival muscle-biopsy slides (steroid-naïve; collected > 40 years ago) using semi-quantitative image analysis with digital restoration. MFD and classical histological variables were quantified. Age-MFD dynamics were modelled with segmented regression and validated using weakly informative Bayesian modelling. The primary measure was the MFD age-breakpoint. Secondary measures included breakpoint-detection power, age-predictive MFD cut-offs and behaviour of conventional variables across breakpoint-defined age bands.

resultsAfter quality and age-distribution screening, 35 slides (age 1-11 years) were analysed. Segmented regression identified a breakpoint at 6.25 years (95% confidence interval [CI]: 5.08-7.42); after which MFD plateaued at lower levels. Bayesian posterior estimate was 6.37 years (95% credible interval: 5.24-7.66). A 10,000-run Monte Carlo simulation (n = 35) showed approximately 80% power to recapture the breakpoint within ±1.25 years. MFD cut-offs > 596 and < 426 fibres/mm

conclusionsMFD, a simple metric, reveals a previously unrecognised phase of rapid myofibre loss lasting up to around age 6 in early-stage DMD.

Indexed as

Muscle, SkeletalMuscular Dystrophy, DuchenneMyofibrilsChildChild, PreschoolDisease ProgressionHumansInfantMaleRetrospective StudiesDuchenne muscular dystrophyhistologyhistopathologymuscle biopsymyofibre densityneuromuscular disorderspathology

Identifiers

PMID41848212
PMCPMC12997517

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.