ArticleArquivos brasileiros de cardiologia2026
Impact of Obesity on Patients with Resistant and Refractory Arterial Hypertension: A Cross-Sectional Study.
Article in Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
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1 citing paper in PubMed.
- Beyond the Scale: Obesity as a Structural Driver of Refractory Hypertension.Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia · 2026Article
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5 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundObesity is a serious public health problem and is associated with activation of the sympathetic nervous system and the development of resistant or refractory hypertension.
objectivesTo estimate the prevalence of obesity in the population of outpatients with refractory or resistant hypertension and its relationship between body mass index and hypertension severity.
methodsA cross-sectional study was carried out in a referral outpatient clinic for severe arterial hypertension. Patients with resistant and refractory hypertension were included. Information related to demographic characteristics, anthropometric measurements, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, comorbidities, alcoholism, smoking, and sedentary lifestyle was collected. Continuous variables were compared using the Student's t-test or Mann Whitney, and categorical variables were compared using the chi-square test. Pearson's correlation test was used for anthropometric measurements and blood pressure. A significance level of p < 0.05 was adopted.
resultsA total of 138 patients were collected, of whom 74.7% had resistant hypertension and 25.3% had refractory hypertension. There was a predominance of females and black ethnicities, representing 79.7% (p=0.307) and 91.3% (p=0.315), respectively. The mean age was 64.7± 10.8 (p=0.566). Obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2) was present in 42% (p=0.379), being higher in refractory hypertension (51.4% vs. 38.8%). Higher body mass index values were directly associated with an increased number of antihypertensive medications required for blood pressure control (r = 0.45; p < 0.01). Additionally, 74.6% of the patients had dyslipidemia (p=0.400).
conclusionIn our population of patients with severe hypertension, obesity was prevalent and significantly influenced both the presentation and the control of blood pressure levels.
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