Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41851690›Full record

ArticleBMC cancer2026

Identification and validation of hub genes involved in papillary thyroid carcinoma progression.

Zunera Khalid, Khalid Khan, Farah Nazir, Chengbing Yao, Seyed Majid Mousavi Mehmandousti, Yuhua Shang, Humaira Amin, Yixiang Xing, Xikong Pan, Shoubing Zhou and 3 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC cancer, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Zunera KhalidTongLing Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongling People's Hospital, Tongling, Anhui, 244000, P.R. China.
Khalid KhanDivision of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, P.R. China.
Farah NazirLaboratory of Structural Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China.
Chengbing YaoAnhui Genebiol Biotech. LTD, Hefei, 230000, China.
Seyed Majid Mousavi MehmandoustiLaboratory of Structural Immunology, Key Laboratory of Immune Response and Immunotherapy, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, China.
Yuhua ShangAnhui Genebiol Biotech. LTD, Hefei, 230000, China.
Humaira AminDepartment of Genomics and Bioinformatics, Cholistan University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Bahawalpur, Pakistan.
Yixiang XingTongLing Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongling People's Hospital, Tongling, Anhui, 244000, P.R. China.
Xikong PanDepartment of Head and Neck Surgery, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, West District of the First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science & Technology of China, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, Anhui, China.
Shoubing ZhouDepartment of Breast Oncology, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science & Technology of China, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, China.
Qingyu ChengLaboratory of Immunology and Antibody Drug, Institute of Health and Medicine, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Hefei, Anhui, China.
Tengchuan JinDivision of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230001, P.R. China. jint@ustc.edu.cn.
Xucai ZhengDepartment of Head and Neck Surgery, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, West District of the First Affiliated Hospital of University of Science & Technology of China, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, Anhui, China. zhengxucai@ustc.edu.cn.

Funding

Anhui Provincial Key Research and Development Plan 2022i01020025Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities WK9100000001National Key Research and Development Program of China 2022YFC2304102 and 2022YFC2303300National Natural Science Foundation of China 82272301Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences XDB0940301
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Papillary Thyroid Cancer (PTC) is one of the most prevalent endocrine malignancies, and its incidence rate has almost tripled over the past three decades. The current study aimed to identify gene alterations and biomarkers contributing to PTC progression. Based on PTC transcriptome sequencing data, differential gene expression analysis is used to systematically categorize hub genes associated with PTC progression. A total of 1550 overlapping differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in PTC compared to normal thyroid tissues, including 1149 upregulated and 401 downregulated genes. In addition, 3192 DEGs were detected in PTC relative to their normal adjacent tissues (NATs), comprising 1431 upregulated and 1761 downregulated genes. KEGG pathway analysis revealed pathways associated with cancer, proteoglycans in cancer, parathyroid hormone synthesis, and chemical carcinogenesis receptor activity. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network analysis identified FN1, SDC1, and MAPK1 as highly ranked hub genes among the upregulated genes involved in several cancer pathways, including the PID Syndecan-1 pathway, Proteoglycans in cancer, and the CCL18 signaling pathway. The gene expression validation through Reverse Transcription-quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-qPCR) further validated the significance of the above findings, demonstrating substantial upregulation of FN1 (7.4-fold increase), SDC1 (5.2-fold increase), and MAPK1 (5.8-fold increase) in papillary thyroid tissues relative to their adjacent normal tissues. Western blot analysis further validated the upregulation of FN1 at the protein level. These findings highlight a strong association between the identified hub genes (FN1, SDC1, and MAPK1) and papillary thyroid cancer, supporting their potential as diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Further validation through in vivo experiments and functional assays will be essential to confirm their roles in PTC pathogenesis and to elucidate their clinical implications.

Indexed as

Biomarkers, TumorThyroid Cancer, PapillaryThyroid NeoplasmsDisease ProgressionGene Expression ProfilingGene Expression Regulation, NeoplasticGene Regulatory NetworksHumansProtein Interaction MapsBiomarkers, TumorDifferential Gene expressionDrug targetsHub genesPapillary Thyroid CancerRT-qPCRUpregulated genes

Identifiers

PMID41851690
PMCPMC13126906

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.