ArticleDiabetology international2026
Retrospective real-world database study to examine the prevalence and incidence of cardiovascular diseases and medication prescription in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes.
Article in Diabetology international, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Introduction: In Japan, real-world characterisation of cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevalence, incidence, and medication prescription in adults with type 2 diabetes (T2D) has been limited. Methods: This real-world study (comprising a cross-sectional and a retrospective study) in adults aged ≥ 20 years with T2D used the Medical Data Vision database to evaluate the prevalence and incidence of three-point major adverse cardiovascular events (3P-MACE) and composite CVD and to describe medication prescription patterns. Results: The cross-sectional study included 292,383 patients in 2014 and 622,531 in 2021. Prevalence of 3P-MACE and composite CVD were 4.8% and 12.1%, respectively, in 2014; values in 2021 were 5.0% and 14.0%. In 2014, 2.1% of patients received glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) and 0.8% received sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2is); 2021 values were 9.2% and 32.3%. The retrospective study included 314,206 patients; 19.7% had a CVD history. The overall incidence rate of 3P-MACE per 1000 person-years was 12.8 (95% confidence interval [CI] 12.6-13.0); 46.6 (45.3-48.0) in those with and 8.6 (8.4-8.8) in those without CVD history. The incidence rates (95% CI) of composite CVD were 47.9 (47.4-48.3); 179.5 (177.0-182.1) in those with and 31.5 (31.1-31.9) in those without CVD history. Conclusions: In Japan, the prevalence of 3P-MACE and composite CVD were almost unchanged from 2014 to 2021, whereas GLP-1RA/SGLT-2i prescriptions increased. Incidence rates of 3P-MACE and composite CVD were higher in patients with a CVD history. These data provide insights into prescription patterns in T2D in Japan and could inform future treatment practices. Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13340-026-00877-7.
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