Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41856996›Full record

ArticleNature communications2026

International testing and refinement of AI algorithms predicting acute leukemia subtypes from routine laboratory data.

Amin T Turki, Yi Fan, Alberto Hernández-Sánchez, Wellington Silva, Shaun Fleming, Koray Yalcin, Catharina H M J Van Elssen, Yazan Madanat, Magdalena Karasek, Mahmoud Aljurf and 34 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
  3. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

44 authors.

Amin T TurkiComputational Hematology Lab, Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany. amin.turki@uk-essen.de.ORCID 0000-0003-1347-3360
Yi FanThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
Alberto Hernández-SánchezDepartment of Hematology, University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.ORCID 0000-0002-6601-3096
Wellington SilvaHospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
Shaun FlemingThe Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.
Koray YalcinBahcesehir University Medicalpark Goztepe Hospital, Department of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Istanbul, Turkey.
Catharina H M J Van ElssenMaastricht University Medical Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology & GROW research, Institute of Oncology and Reproduction, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Yazan MadanatUniversity of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-9573-2690
Magdalena KarasekDepartment of Hematology, Cell Therapies and Internal Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland.ORCID 0000-0002-1425-5421
Mahmoud AljurfKing Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Matteo G Della PortaIRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital & Humanitas University Milan, Milan, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-6915-5970
Alexandra Martinez-RocaDepartment of Hematology, Hospital Clínic Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.ORCID 0000-0003-2143-5356
Luca GuarneraTor Vergata University Roma, Rome, Italy.
Katarina SteffenCentral Laboratory Division, University Hospital Marienhospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
Evangelia AntoniouDepartment of Pediatrics III, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany.
Maria M RivasHospital Universitario Austral, Buenos-Aires, Argentina.ORCID 0000-0001-7136-765X
Deepak K MishraTata Medical Center, Kolkata, India.
Ansgar T BlumDepartment of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Marienhospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
Stephania Niry ManantsoaHematology Department, University Hospital Joseph Ravoahangy Andrianavalona of Antananarivo, Antananarivo, Madagascar.
Adeniyi AdiatLagos University, Lagos, Nigeria.
Amir EnshaeiLeukaemia Research Cytogenomics Group, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.ORCID 0000-0002-7464-0743
Felicitas TholDepartment of Hematology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.ORCID 0000-0001-5848-6152
Maria Teresa VosoTor Vergata University Roma, Rome, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-6164-4761
Jia ChenThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
Tusneem Ahmed ElhassanKing Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Anthony V MoormanLeukaemia Research Cytogenomics Group, Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.ORCID 0000-0002-9781-6107
María Belén VidrialesDepartment of Hematology, University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.
Nina R NeuendorffDepartment of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Marienhospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
Ahmet KocMarmara University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology, Istanbul, Turkey.
Pratyush MishraTata Medical Center, Kolkata, India.
Dirk StrumbergDepartment of Hematology and Oncology, University Hospital Marienhospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
Roma S FourmanovMaastricht University Medical Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology & GROW research, Institute of Oncology and Reproduction, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Lukas HeineInstitute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany.
Jens KleesiekInstitute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany.ORCID 0000-0001-8686-0682
Daniel MunárrizDepartment of Hematology, Hospital Clínic Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
Gianluca AstiIRCCS Humanitas Research Hospital & Humanitas University Milan, Milan, Italy.
Mridula MokoonlallThe Alfred Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.ORCID 0009-0002-1995-2397
Marisa KometasUniversity of Texas Southwestern, Dallas, USA.
Eduardo RegoHospital das Clinicas da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
Rabea MecklenbrauckDepartment of Hematology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.ORCID 0009-0005-9374-300X
Marta SobasDepartment of Hematology, Cell Therapies and Internal Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, Wrocław, Poland.
Depei WuThe First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.ORCID 0000-0002-6312-3863
Felix NensaInstitute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-5811-7100
Merlin EngelkeInstitute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany.ORCID 0000-0002-8463-8786

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Despite advances for patients with acute leukemia health disparities limit access to diagnosis and treatment. Artificial Intelligence (AI) approaches may address some disparities. We retrospectively assemble a diverse, international cohort of 6206 leukemia patients from 20 centers to test an AI tool designed to support leukemia diagnosis using standard laboratory results. Executing the pretrained algorithm results in varying accuracy metrics. With confidence cutoff predictions, 2000-fold bootstrapped area under the curve (AUROC) metrics are 0.94 for acute myeloid leukemia (AML), 0.98 for the promyelocytic subtype and 0.84 for acute lymphoblastic leukemia. However, this cutoff excludes 70.8-92.5% of patients from predictions. We improve accuracy and robustness, while maintaining generalizability via an ensemble of Isolation Forest and Local Outlier Factor increasing AUROC for AML from 0.72 to 0.84 (hold-out test set, patients below confidence threshold), while excluding only 12.1% of patients. Furthermore, we retrain the algorithm for pediatric patients.

Indexed as

AlgorithmsArtificial IntelligenceLeukemia, Myeloid, AcutePrecursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-LymphomaClassification AlgorithmsHumansPrediction AlgorithmsRetrospective StudiesROC Curve

Identifiers

PMID41856996
PMCPMC13004982

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.