ArticleEuropean journal of pediatrics2026
Air pollution mixtures and cognitive outcomes in children: associations with school-age exposure and sex differences.
Article in European journal of pediatrics, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03196882 (Effectiveness of Adaptation of the Dose of Iron Supplementation in Pregnancy on Maternal-child Health. Randomized Clinical Trial), which is not on this map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Effectiveness of Adaptation of the Dose of Iron Supplementation in Pregnancy on Maternal-child Health. Randomized Clinical Trial (ECLIPSES)
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3 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
Children are highly vulnerable to air pollution, yet most studies rely on single-pollutant approaches. This study examined associations between individual and joint exposure to multiple air pollutants and cognitive outcomes in preschoolers, with attention to potential sex differences. Traffic-related pollutants (PM
conclusionSchool-age exposure to ambient air pollution mixtures was associated with differences in cognitive performance among preschool children, with patterns varying by sex. These findings highlight the importance of considering pollutant mixtures and potential sex differences when evaluating associations between air pollution and early childhood cognition. CLINICAL
trial registrationEUCTR-2012-005480-28 ( www.clinicaltrialsregister.eu ). NCT03196882 ( www. CLINICALTRIALS: gov ). WHAT IS KNOWN: • Ambient air pollution is linked to impaired neurodevelopment in children, but evidence using multi-pollutant mixture models in preschoolers remains limited. WHAT IS NEW: • Air pollutant mixture was negatively associated with working memory index in preschoolers. • Sex-stratified analyses suggested potential associations with lower verbal comprehension in girls and lower working memory in boys.
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