Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41857245›Full record

ReviewPlanta2026

Bulliform cells: anatomical, physiological, genetic, and computational perspectives on plants' drought adaptation.

Ibrahim Khan, Sajjad Asaf, Sikandar Khan, Sohail Ahmad Jan, In-Jung Lee, Sang-Mo Kang

Abstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Planta, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Ibrahim KhanDepartment of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
Sajjad AsafNatural and Medical Science Research Center, University of Nizwa, 616, Nizwa, Oman.
Sikandar KhanDepartment of Biotechnology, Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University, Sheringal, 18000, KP, Pakistan. sikandar@sbbu.edu.pk.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1596-6580
Sohail Ahmad JanDepartment of Bioinformatics and Biosciences, Capital University of Science and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan.
In-Jung LeeDepartment of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea. ijlee@knu.ac.kr.
Sang-Mo KangDepartment of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

MAIN

conclusionThis work highlights pollen thermotolerance as vital for reproductive success under heat stress, integrating molecular regulation, gene mapping, and breeding strategies to accelerate development of resilient, high-yielding crop varieties. Bulliform cells are specialized epidermal motor cells predominantly found on the adaxial surface of grass leaves and play a crucial role in mediating adaptive leaf rolling under water deficit conditions. This dynamic morphophysiological response reduces the exposed surface area, minimizes transpirational water loss, and creates favorable microclimatic conditions for photosynthetic tissues, thereby enhancing drought tolerance. This review highlights molecular regulation as a central component of bulliform cell function and integrates it with morphological, anatomical, physiological, and hormonal responses. Recent studies have identified genetic and hormonal regulators of bulliform cell development, including key transcription factors such as SRL1, ROC1, ACL1/2, as well as phytohormones including abscisic acid (ABA), cytokinins (CKs), and brassinosteroids (BRs), revealing a complex integration of developmental and stress-responsive pathways. Advances in high-resolution imaging, single-cell transcriptomics, and machine learning provide mechanistic insights into bulliform cell-specific gene expression, turgor dynamics, and structural contributions to leaf rolling. Quantitative analyses, including genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and quantitative trait locus (QTL) mapping, have associated BC traits with leaf rolling indices, water-use efficiency, and drought tolerance in cereals. Despite these advances, significant knowledge gaps remain, particularly regarding how bulliform cells respond to combined abiotic stresses and the physiological trade-offs between water conservation and leaf thermoregulation. This review presents a novel, integrative framework of multi-omics, systems biology, and AI-driven modeling to develop predictive insights into bulliform cell behavior to optimize their anatomical and physiological traits for enhanced crop resilience. In addition, this review integrates current anatomical, physiological, genetic, and computational insights into bulliform cells, revealing their pivotal role in plant adaptation and their emerging potential as targets for developing stress-resilient crops.

Indexed as

Drought ResistanceStress, PhysiologicalAdaptation, PhysiologicalGene Expression Regulation, PlantPlant Growth RegulatorsPlant LeavesPollenPlant Growth RegulatorsBulliform cellsDrought toleranceGenetic and hormonal regulationLeaf rollingStress adaptation

Identifiers

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.