Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41858310›Full record

ReviewClinical kidney journal2026

Band keratopathy and conjunctival calcification in end-stage kidney disease: epidemiology, pathophysiology and clinical management.

Nanmei Liu, Ruizhen Ren, Haolin Gou, Maoting Li, Naiying Lan, Fanzhou Zeng, Bo Yang

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Clinical kidney journal, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Nanmei LiuDepartment of Nephrology, Naval Medical Center of PLA, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.
Ruizhen RenDepartment of Ophthalmology, Dahua Hospital, Shanghai, China.
Haolin GouDepartment of Ophthalmology, Naval Medical Center of PLA, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.
Maoting LiDepartment of Nephrology, Naval Medical Center of PLA, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.
Naiying LanDepartment of Nephrology, Naval Medical Center of PLA, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.
Fanzhou ZengDepartment of Nephrology, Naval Medical Center of PLA, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.
Bo YangDepartment of Nephrology, Naval Medical Center of PLA, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0680-1469

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Conjunctival and corneal calcification, particularly its severe manifestation, band keratopathy, represents a prevalent yet frequently overlooked form of metastatic calcification in end-stage kidney disease (ESKD). This review integrates current evidence on the epidemiology, pathophysiology and interdisciplinary management of uraemic ocular calcification. The pathogenesis is conceptualized through a 'two-hit' model: the systemic 'first hit' involves the specific milieu of chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder driven by hyperphosphataemia, calcium load, secondary hyperparathyroidism and a critical deficiency in calcification inhibitors such as fetuin-A and Klotho. The 'second hit' comprises local ocular triggers, including tear film instability, inflammation and localized alkalosis, which precipitate mineral deposition in the supersaturated environment.

Indexed as

chronic kidney disease–mineral and bone disorderconjunctival and corneal calcificationend-stage kidney diseasehyperphosphataemiametastatic calcification

Identifiers

PMID41858310
PMCPMC12997402

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.