ArticleInternational journal of nanomedicine2026
An Injectable Photothermal Responsive Liposome Hydrogel Co-Loaded with Bufalin, Apatinib, and IR820 for Inhibiting Postoperative Recurrence of Colon Cancer.
Article in International journal of nanomedicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
1 citing paper in PubMed.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Colon cancer ranks as the third most common malignant tumor globally. Due to incomplete surgical resection and the multidrug resistance of tumor cells, it exhibits a high postoperative recurrence rate. Consequently, there is an urgent need to develop novel therapeutic strategies to inhibit postoperative recurrence of colon cancer. Methods: Thermosensitive liposomes (Bu&Ap-Lip) co-loaded with bufalin (Bu) and apatinib (Ap) were prepared via the thin-film hydration method, with optimization of Prescription Processes. Bu&Ap-Lip was co-encapsulated with new indocyanine green (IR820) within an injectable PLGA-PEG-PLGA hydrogel, establishing a photothermally responsive composite hydrogel (Bu&Ap-Lip@IR820 Gel). The system characterized the physicochemical properties, rheological characteristics, and drug release behavior of the hydrogel, and further evaluated its in vitro antitumor activity and in vivo efficacy against postoperative recurrence of colon cancer. Results: Bu&Ap-Lip@IR820 Gel demonstrated excellent injectability and photothermally responsive drug-release properties. In vitro cellular experiments demonstrated that Bu&Ap-Lip@IR820 Gel effectively inhibited tumor cell migration, invasion, and angiogenesis. In vivo studies revealed that this liposome hydrogel prolonged local drug retention. When combined with near-infrared light irradiation, Bu&Ap-Lip@IR820 Gel significantly suppressed tumor recurrence while exhibiting favorable in vivo biocompatibility. Conclusion: This study developed a NIR-responsive composite liposome hydrogel integrating Bu multi-targeted antitumor properties, Ap anti-angiogenic effects, and IR820 photothermal therapeutic advantages. Through near-infrared responsiveness, it achieves localized precision drug release, effectively suppressing postoperative recurrence. This provides a novel and promising strategy for the clinical prevention and treatment of colon cancer recurrence.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.