Evidence mapPaperPMID 41859698Full record

ArticleOpen forum infectious diseases2026

Associations Between B-Cell Subsets and Subclinical Coronary Artery Disease in Ugandans With and Without HIV.

Laventa M Obare, Tecla M Temu, Tan Ding, James Mtui, Cissy Kityo, Rashidah Nazzinda, Sophie Nalukwago, Joshua Simmons, Cindy Hager-Nochowicz, Eseoghene Ogaga and 6 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Open forum infectious diseases, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

Laventa M ObareDivision of Infectious Diseases, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
Tecla M TemuDepartment of Pathology, Mass General Brigham, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0056-4143
Tan DingDepartment of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
James MtuiDivision of Infectious Diseases, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
Cissy KityoJoint Clinical Research Centre, Kampala, Uganda.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9286-7052
Rashidah NazzindaJoint Clinical Research Centre, Kampala, Uganda.
Sophie NalukwagoJoint Clinical Research Centre, Kampala, Uganda.
Joshua SimmonsDivision of Infectious Diseases, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2674-1662
Cindy Hager-NochowiczDivision of Infectious Diseases, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
Eseoghene OgagaDivision of Infectious Diseases, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
Victoria R StephensDivision of Infectious Diseases, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
Kisyua NthengeDivision of Infectious Diseases, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
Xiuqi ZhangDivision of Infectious Diseases, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
Zhiguo ZhaoDepartment of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9033-7410
Christopher T LongeneckerDivision of Cardiology and Department of Global Health, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9468-0179
Celestine N WanjallaDivision of Infectious Diseases, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9159-5414

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: People living with HIV-1 (PLWH) have an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), influenced by chronic inflammation, immune dysregulation, and antiretroviral therapy (ART). B cells regulate immune responses, but their contribution to HIV-associated atherosclerosis remains poorly defined. Methods: In a cross-sectional study, we enrolled 40 PLWH and 60 people without HIV (PWoH) in Uganda, matched 1:1.5 for age and CVD risk. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were profiled by mass cytometry to define immune cell subsets. Coronary computed tomography angiography quantified coronary artery disease using the segment stenosis score (SSS). We used multivariable hurdle regression to estimate the effect sizes of immune clusters, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk score, HIV status, and gender. Results: Median age was 60 years, with no difference by HIV status. People living with HIV had a lower proportion of CCR7 Conclusions: This exploratory study suggests that lower frequencies of naïve B cells in PLWH are associated with differences in subclinical atherosclerosis. However, the mechanisms cannot be inferred from this study.

Indexed as

B cellscardiovascular diseasechronic inflammationHIVsegment stenosis score

Identifiers

PMID41859698
PMCPMC12996881

What Socratic holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.