Evidence mapPaperPMID 41862734Full record

ArticleNeuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology2026

A ketogenic diet reduces hepatic alcohol metabolism and alcohol consumption in rats.

Sophie K Elvig, Adrienne McGinn, Xinyi Li, Janaina C M Vendruscolo, Juan L Gomez, Robert Pawlosky, Bryan Mackowiak, Luis Gonzalez, M Todd King, Michael Michaelides and 5 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Sophie K Elvig *Neurobiology of Addiction Section, Integrative Neuroscience Research Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1049-1523
Adrienne McGinn *Neurobiology of Addiction Section, Integrative Neuroscience Research Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Xinyi LiDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3136-4811
Janaina C M VendruscoloNeurobiology of Addiction Section, Integrative Neuroscience Research Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Juan L GomezBiobehavioral Imaging and Molecular Neuropsychopharmacology Section, Neuroimaging Research Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Robert PawloskyOffice of the Scientific Director, Division of Intramural Clinical and Biological Research, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Bryan MackowiakLaboratory of Liver Diseases, Division of Intramural Clinical and Biological Research, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Luis GonzalezNeurobiology of Addiction Section, Integrative Neuroscience Research Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
M Todd KingOffice of the Scientific Director, Division of Intramural Clinical and Biological Research, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Michael MichaelidesBiobehavioral Imaging and Molecular Neuropsychopharmacology Section, Neuroimaging Research Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0398-4917
Bin GaoLaboratory of Liver Diseases, Division of Intramural Clinical and Biological Research, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Nora D VolkowLaboratory of Neuroimaging, Division of Intramural Clinical and Biological Research, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6668-0908
George F KoobNeurobiology of Addiction Section, Integrative Neuroscience Research Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse, Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Corinde E WiersDepartment of Psychiatry, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA. corinde.wiers@pennmedicine.upenn.edu.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2934-8794
Leandro F VendruscoloStress and Addiction Neuroscience Unit, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse. National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA. leandro.vendruscolo@nih.gov.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8829-8627

Funding

Neurobiology of AddictionZIADA000602 · NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON DRUG ABUSE · 2025 to 2025
$2.8M
Stress and Addiction Neuroscience UnitZIADA000644 · NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON DRUG ABUSE · 2025 to 2025
$1.7M
Ketone-sup before Pub: Effects of ketone supplementation on brain energetics and alcohol consumption in alcohol use disorderR01AA031570 · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · 2025 to 2025
$569k
Modulation of alcohol sensitivity and alcohol tolerance by exogenous ketones in humansR21AA031088 · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · 2025 to 2025
$212k
Ketone supplementation as an intervention to alleviate alcohol withdrawal and improve brain energetics in Alcohol Use DisorderR21AA031337 · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · 2025 to 2025
$208k
The effects of ketogenic diet on alcohol intoxicationK99AA031746 · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · 2025 to 2025
$115k
Intramural NIH HHS ZIA DA000602Intramural NIH HHS ZIA DA000644NIAAA NIH HHS K99 AA031746NIAAA NIH HHS R01 AA031570NIAAA NIH HHS R21 AA031088NIAAA NIH HHS R21 AA031337U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) K99AA031746U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) R01AA031570U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) ZIA-DA000602U.S. Department of Health & Human Services | NIH | National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) ZIA-DA000644
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Previous work showed that rats that were exposed to a high-fat, low-carbohydrate/protein ketogenic diet (KD) exhibited elevated blood alcohol levels following alcohol exposure compared with rats fed regular chow. Additionally, the administration of a KD prior to alcohol exposure (i.e., a history of KD) reduced alcohol consumption in alcohol-dependent rats that were no longer on the diet. In the present study, we investigated the mechanisms by which a KD alters alcohol metabolism and tested whether ongoing KD exposure reduces alcohol consumption in rats. We hypothesized that chronic KD exposure alters hepatic alcohol-metabolizing enzymes, slows alcohol metabolism, and reduces alcohol self-administration in alcohol-dependent rats. We found that male and female rats maintained on a KD had higher blood alcohol levels, lower hepatic alcohol dehydrogenase 1 protein levels, and a higher nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide [NAD+]/[NADH] ratio in the liver cytoplasm compared with chow-fed control rats. Furthermore, KD-fed rats demonstrated lower brain glucose uptake relative to chow-fed control rats. In a model of alcohol dependence, the KD reduced alcohol consumption in male, but not female, rats compared with chow-fed rats. These findings suggest that a KD alters brain energetics and alcohol metabolism, which may contribute to reduced alcohol consumption in male rats.

Indexed as

Alcohol DrinkingDiet, KetogenicEthanolLiverAlcohol DehydrogenaseAnimalsBrainFemaleGlucoseMaleNADRatsRats, Sprague-DawleySelf AdministrationAlcohol DehydrogenaseEthanolGlucoseNAD

Identifiers

PMID41862734
PMCPMC13334472

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.