Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41863251›Full record

ReviewJournal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism2026

Spreading depolarization: A wave that precedes and drives cerebral ischemic cell death-Target for neuroprotection.

Umberto Pensato, Johanna M Ospel, Coline L Lemale, Jed A Hartings, Michele Romoli, Simona Sacco, Jens P Dreier

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
4citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

4 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Thirty years later: Revisiting the glial failure hypothesis as the homeostatic organizing principle of ischemic injury.Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · 2026
    Review
  3. Article
  4. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Umberto PensatoDepartment of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Pieve Emanuele, Milan, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-4042-4735
Johanna M OspelDepartment of Radiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada.
Coline L LemaleCenter for Stroke Research Berlin, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
Jed A HartingsDepartment of Neurosurgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
Michele RomoliDepartment of Neurosciences, Bufalini Hospital, Cesena, Italy.
Simona SaccoDepartment of Applied Clinical Sciences and Biotechnology, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.
Jens P DreierCenter for Stroke Research Berlin, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.ORCID 0000-0001-7459-2828

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Spreading depolarization (SD) is an all-or-none response of gray matter, evolutionarily conserved from insects to mammals and characterized by near-complete breakdown of transmembrane ion gradients and cytotoxic edema. In humans, SD has been recorded in diverse neurological conditions, including cerebral ischemia and hemorrhage, traumatic brain injury (TBI), and even during whole-brain death following cardiac arrest or during continued systemic circulation. During migraine aura, initial hyperemia accompanies short-lived and benign SD. SD under energy deficiency is also initially reversible. However, if intraneuronal Ca

Indexed as

Brain IschemiaCell DeathCortical Spreading DepressionNeuroprotectionAnimalsHumansNeuronscardiac arrestcerebral infarctioncerebral ischemic injuryIschemic strokeneuroprotectionspreading depression

Identifiers

PMID41863251
PMCPMC13005767

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.