Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41863648›Full record

ArticleHernia : the journal of hernias and abdominal wall surgery2026

Distinguishing abdominal wall denervation injury from normal anatomy via cross section imaging.

Alvaro Cota Carvalho, William C Bennett, Kimberly P Woo, Noah X Tocci, Erika M Schmidt, Luciano Tastaldi, Benjamin T Miller, Lucas R Beffa, Clayton C Petro, David M Krpata and 1 more

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Article in Hernia : the journal of hernias and abdominal wall surgery, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Alvaro Cota CarvalhoCenter for Abdominal Core Health, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 2049 E 100th St A Bldg, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA. alvarocota3@gmail.com.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0006-9998-3167
William C BennettCenter for Abdominal Core Health, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 2049 E 100th St A Bldg, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA.
Kimberly P WooCenter for Abdominal Core Health, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 2049 E 100th St A Bldg, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA.
Noah X TocciCenter for Abdominal Core Health, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 2049 E 100th St A Bldg, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA.
Erika M SchmidtCenter for Abdominal Core Health, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 2049 E 100th St A Bldg, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA.
Luciano TastaldiCenter for Abdominal Core Health, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 2049 E 100th St A Bldg, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA.
Benjamin T MillerCenter for Abdominal Core Health, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 2049 E 100th St A Bldg, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA.
Lucas R BeffaCenter for Abdominal Core Health, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 2049 E 100th St A Bldg, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA.
Clayton C PetroCenter for Abdominal Core Health, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 2049 E 100th St A Bldg, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA.
David M KrpataCenter for Abdominal Core Health, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 2049 E 100th St A Bldg, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA.
Ajita S PrabhuCenter for Abdominal Core Health, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 2049 E 100th St A Bldg, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeTo identify objective CT-based measurements of abdominal wall denervation injury and establish an imaging-based assessment framework for abdominal wall denervation syndrome.

methodsCT scans from patients with unilateral denervation, full-thickness hernia, or intramuscular hernia were retrospectively reviewed using TeraRecon’s Aquarius software. Measurements from the symptomatic side were compared with the contralateral normal side. Axial assessments included EO and TA lengths and abdominal wall thickness, while coronal assessments included muscle length only. Axial slices were also used to evaluate muscle area, mean attenuation in Hounsfield units (HU), and muscle composition.

resultsAt the point of maximal bulging, denervation was marked by enlargement of the lateral abdominal wall, with significantly increased EO (p < 0.001) and TA (p < 0.001) lengths, and decrease of the abdominal wall thickness when compared to the contralateral normal side; muscle composition also showed greater fat replacement (p = 0.04). Relative to full-thickness and intramuscular hernias, denervation likewise led to increasing length of the EO (p = 0.001) and the TA (p < 0.001); and decreasing measurements of thickness (p < 0.001). Coronal views confirmed EO and TA lengthening of the denervated abdominal wall (p < 0.001).

conclusionAbdominal wall denervation syndrome can be radiologically presumed by a lateral abdominal wall bulge without any muscular defect (hernia). Denervated muscles appear longer, thinner, and show greater intramuscular adipose tissue compared with the contralateral healthy side. These objective CT-based features may serve as imaging criteria to aid the diagnosis of abdominal wall denervation syndrome.

Indexed as

Abdominal MusclesAbdominal WallHernia, VentralAgedFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesTomography, X-Ray ComputedAbdominal wallDenervationPseudoherniaVentral hernia

Identifiers

PMID41863648

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.