Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41864037›Full record

ArticleNeoplasia (New York, N.Y.)2026

ESM1 drives cancer angiogenesis and bevacizumab resistance via trioleate synthesis.

Xun Chen, Jian Wan, Zhengwu Jiang, Zhijian Zhao, Caixi Tang, Yukun Li, Dong Wang

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Neoplasia (New York, N.Y.), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Xun ChenCentral Hospital Affiliated to Dalian Medical University, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116000, China; Department of Hepatological Surgery, Zhuzhou Hospital Affiliated to Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Zhuzhou, Hunan, 412000, China; Tumor ImmunoMetabolism Institute (TIMI), The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital of Xiangya Medical College, Central South University, Zhuzhou, 412007, Hunan, China.
Jian WanDepartment of Hepatological Surgery, Zhuzhou Hospital Affiliated to Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Zhuzhou, Hunan, 412000, China.
Zhengwu JiangDepartment of Hepatological Surgery, Zhuzhou Hospital Affiliated to Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Zhuzhou, Hunan, 412000, China.
Zhijian ZhaoDepartment of Hepatological Surgery, Zhuzhou Hospital Affiliated to Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Zhuzhou, Hunan, 412000, China.
Caixi TangDepartment of Hepatological Surgery, Zhuzhou Hospital Affiliated to Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Zhuzhou, Hunan, 412000, China.
Yukun LiTumor ImmunoMetabolism Institute (TIMI), The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital of Xiangya Medical College, Central South University, Zhuzhou, 412007, Hunan, China. Electronic address: yukun_li@csu.edu.cn.
Dong WangCentral Hospital Affiliated to Dalian Medical University, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, 116000, China. Electronic address: wangdong0717@126.com.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) exhibits high recurrence rates and limited therapeutic options. Endothelial cell-specific molecule 1 (ESM1) and angiopoietin-like 4 (ANGPTL4) are implicated in tumor progression, yet their synergistic role in HCC lipid metabolism and angiogenesis remains unexplored.

methodsWe integrated multi-omics approaches, including RNA sequencing, metabolomics, and immunoprecipitation-mass spectrometry, in HCC cell lines and patient-derived xenograft models. Key experiments involved Co-IP, Western blotting, tube formation assays, and clinical tissue microarray analysis to validate the ESM1-ANGPTL4-FASN-trioleate axis.

resultsESM1 and ANGPTL4 formed a positive feedback loop, stabilizing fatty acid synthase (FASN) to promote trioleate synthesis. Trioleate activated the NF-κB/IL-17 pathway in HCC cells and upregulated CD99 in endothelial cells, driving angiogenesis. In vivo, ESM1/ANGPTL4 knockdown suppressed tumor growth, which was rescued by trioleate supplementation. Clinical data revealed elevated ESM1/ANGPTL4 expression in bevacizumab-resistant HCC, correlating with poor prognosis.

conclusionsThe ESM1-ANGPTL4-FASN-trioleate axis orchestrates metabolic reprogramming and endothelial activation, representing a promising therapeutic target. Future studies should explore combination therapies targeting this axis and overcoming bevacizumab resistance in HCC.

Indexed as

BevacizumabCarcinoma, HepatocellularDrug Resistance, NeoplasmLiver NeoplasmsNeoplasm ProteinsNeovascularization, PathologicProteoglycansAngiogenesis InhibitorsAngiopoietin-Like Protein 4AnimalsCell Line, TumorGene Expression Regulation, NeoplasticHumansMiceXenograft Model Antitumor AssaysAngiogenesis InhibitorsAngiopoietin-Like Protein 4ANGPTL4 protein, humanBevacizumabESM1 protein, humanNeoplasm ProteinsProteoglycansCancer angiogenesisESM1-ANGPTL4 feedbackFASNMetabolic reprogrammingTrioleate synthesis

Identifiers

PMID41864037
PMCPMC13019581

What Socratic holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.