ArticleBMC psychiatry2026
Microbaric oxygen therapy modulates EEG microstates and spectral power in patients with chronic insomnia disorder.
Article in BMC psychiatry, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundChronic Insomnia Disorder (CID) is a prevalent condition. This study examines microbaric oxygen therapy (MOT) as a non-pharmacological intervention for CID patients, utilizing EEG to investigate its effects on neural mechanisms and provide novel electrophysiological evidence.
methodIn this longitudinal non-randomized study, CID patients from a tertiary hospital were allocated to oxygen therapy (OT) or non-oxygen therapy (NOT) groups. The OT group received daily 45-minute MOT sessions combined with pharmacotherapy, while the NOT group received pharmacotherapy alone. Assessments at baseline, week 1, and week 5 evaluated sleep quality, mood, cognition, and high-density EEG parameters including microstates, event-related potentials, and time-frequency features. Statistical analyses employed t-tests/Mann-Whitney U, chi-square/Fisher's tests, and repeated-measures ANOVA with sphericity correction.
resultsThe study included 40 OT and 38 NOT participants. Eye-closed resting EEG microstate analysis indicated that OT led to shorter microstate D duration, increased microstate C occurrence and contribution, decreased microstate D contribution, and altered transition probabilities. Quantitative analysis of the task-related time-frequency data showed that enhanced theta (4-8 Hz) and alpha (8-13 Hz) power during inhibition and a posterior beta (13-20 Hz) shift, suggesting improved conflict monitoring and resource allocation. However, conventional ERP analysis did not reveal any significant between-group differences.
conclusionsMOT induces clinically meaningful electrophysiological changes in CID patients, as evidenced by reduced resting-state microstate D (linked to hyper-arousal) and enhanced task-related theta/alpha power (reflecting improved conflict monitoring). This pattern suggests a shift from maladaptive hyper-vigilance toward more efficient cognitive control. These findings provide novel electrophysiological evidence for the neural basis of insomnia-related cognitive impairment and support its further development as a complementary therapeutic strategy.
trial registrationClinicalTrials. ChiCTR2300072452. Registered on June 14, 2023.
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