Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41865157›Full record

ReviewOsteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA2026

Comparative efficacy of different traditional Chinese exercises on bone mineral density in older adults: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Mingxuan Hou, Siqi Jin, Jiaxin Luo, Ling Yang

Abstract readReview
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In one paragraph

Review in Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Mingxuan HouSchool of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China.
Siqi JinSchool of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China.
Jiaxin LuoSchool of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China.
Ling YangSchool of Exercise and Health, Shanghai University of Sport, Shanghai, China. 2205603@tongji.edu.cn.

Funding

Clinical Key Support Specialties of Shanghai Hongkou District Health and Wellness Committee Department of Geriatrics HKLCFC202412Foundation of Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital affiliated to Tongji University sykyqd06401
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundOsteoporosis is a major public health concern in the aging global population. Traditional Chinese Exercises (TCEs) are promising non-pharmacological interventions, but their comparative efficacy for improving bonemineral density (BMD) at specific skeletal sites remains unclear.

objectiveThis systematic review and network meta-analysis (NMA) aimed to compare and rank the effects of four common TCEs (Taiji, Baduanjin, Wuqinxi, Yijinjing) on BMD at various sites in older adults.

methodsWe systematically searched PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, CNKI, WanFang, and WeiPu databases from inception to July 31, 2025, for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating TCEs for BMD in older adults. Two reviewers independently performed study selection, data extraction, and risk-of-bias assessment using the Cochrane RoB 2 tool. A frequentist NMA was conducted using Stata 17 and R software to estimate pooled mean differences (MDs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Treatments were ranked using the surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA).

resultsThirty-one RCTs (n = 2,457 participants) were included. For lumbar spine BMD, Baduanjin (MD = 0.10, 95% CI0.06 to 0.14; SUCRA = 91.6%), Yijinjing (MD = 0.11, 95% CI 0.00 to 0.16; SUCRA = 71.3%), and Taiji (MD = 0.07, 95% CI0.04 to 0.09; SUCRA = 57.4%) were significantly more effective than control. For femoral neck BMD, Yijinjing (SUCRA = 71.6%), Taiji (SUCRA = 67.7%), and Baduanjin (SUCRA = 58.0%) were the most effective. Taiji consistently ranked as the best intervention for both the greater trochanter (SUCRA = 83.1%) and Ward's triangle (SUCRA = 83.5%). Wuqinxi generally showed non-significant effects compared to control across all sites. The overall risk of bias was a concern, but sensitivity analyses excluding high-risk studies reduced heterogeneity and strengthened the results.

conclusionThe efficacy of TCEs on BMD is site-specific. Baduanjin and Yijinjing appear most beneficial for the lumbar spine, while Taiji demonstrates broad efficacy across hip sites. These findings support the use of tailored TCE prescriptions based on an individual's fracture risk profile, offering valuable non-pharmacological strategies forcommunity-based osteoporosis management in older adults. PROSPERO registration number: CRD420251108373.

Indexed as

Bone mineral densityElderlyNetwork meta-analysisOsteoporosisTraditional Chinese exercises

Identifiers

PMID41865157

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.