ReviewDrug delivery and translational research2026
Formulation considerations in enhancing olfactory mucosal deposition for nose-to-brain drug delivery.
Review in Drug delivery and translational research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed.
- Ion-Triggered In Situ Gel Combined with Melatonin Liposomes: Breaking Through the Dual Barriers of Nasal and Brain Delivery to Treat Insomnia.Pharmaceutics · 2026Article
- Intranasal Biodegradable Nanomedicine for Epilepsy Management: Targeting the Brain Beyond the Blood-Brain Barrier.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Nose-to-brain (N2B) drug delivery offers a promising alternative to circumvent the blood-brain barrier and deliver therapeutic agents directly to the central nervous system. Among the intranasal pathways, targeting the olfactory mucosa is particularly attractive due to its direct anatomical and functional connection to the brain. However, effective deposition and retention of drug-loaded formulations in the olfactory region remain significant challenges, owing to complex nasal anatomy, mucociliary clearance, and limited surface area. This review critically examines the physiological and anatomical barriers to olfactory targeting and highlights recent advances in nanoparticle-based strategies designed to enhance mucosal deposition and transport. Various formulation approaches-including mucoadhesive polymers, surface-functionalized nanocarriers, and stimuli-responsive systems-are discussed alongside innovative delivery devices and administration techniques tailored for olfactory mucosal delivery. In vitro, ex vivo, and in vivo models used to evaluate these strategies are reviewed, as are safety, regulatory, and translational considerations. Finally, the review explores emerging technologies such as patient-specific delivery platforms and smart nanoparticles, offering a forward-looking perspective on the future of N2B therapeutics for neurological disorders.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.