Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41867853›Full record

ArticlebioRxiv : the preprint server for biology2026

Extent of damage to descending output from cortex rather than to specific cortical regions drives the emergence of flexor synergy in non-human primates.

Anna Baines, Isabel S Glover, Anne M E Baker, John W Krakauer, Stuart N Baker

Abstract readPreprint
In one paragraph

Article in bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Anna BainesFaculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK.ORCID 0009-0003-6651-7248
Isabel S GloverFaculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-1390-2671
Anne M E BakerFaculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-4573-4596
John W KrakauerDepartment of Neurology and Neurosciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-4316-1846
Stuart N BakerFaculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE2 4HH, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-8118-4048

Funding

Locating the neural substrates for the flexor synergy after strokeR01NS119319 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF NEWCASTLE · PI BAKER, STUART N, KRAKAUER, JOHN WALTER · 2021 to 2025
$2.3M
NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS119319
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Obligate flexor synergies are a defining feature of the hemiparetic phenotype following stroke in humans. Although these intrusive synergies can diminish over time, recovery may plateau, leaving some individuals with movements permanently constrained to synergies. Despite their clinical significance, the neural mechanisms underlying the emergence and persistence of abnormal synergies remain poorly understood. To investigate this mechanistically, three macaque monkeys were trained on a reach and grasp task prior to receiving one of three unilateral lesion types: 1) a focal sensorimotor cortical lesion, 2) a combined sensorimotor cortical and magnocellular red nucleus (RNm) lesion, or 3) a lesion of the internal capsule. Upper limb three-dimensional kinematics and EMG cross correlation were used to measure the intrusion of synergies during

Identifiers

PMID41867853
PMCPMC13001406

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.