Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41868236›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in medicine2026

Immunoinformatics-driven multi-epitope vaccine design targeting PSMA, STEAP1, and B7H3 for prostate cancer.

Stefanus Vicky Bernhard Elisa Runtunuwu, Trina Ekawati Tallei, Hyo Jeong Kim, Moon Nyeo Park, Ismail Celik, Burak Kirilmaz, Grace Lendawati Amelia Turalaki, Fatimawali Fatimawali, Lydia Estelina Naomi Tendean, Martha Marie Kaseke and 3 more

Erratum issuedAbstract read
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Article in Frontiers in medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Stefanus Vicky Bernhard Elisa RuntunuwuMedical Education Study Program, Faculty of Medicine, Sam Ratulangi University, Manado, Indonesia.
Trina Ekawati TalleiDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Sam Ratulangi University, Manado, Indonesia.
Hyo Jeong KimDepartment of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Moon Nyeo ParkDepartment of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Ismail CelikDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Türkiye.
Burak KirilmazDepartment of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Türkiye.
Grace Lendawati Amelia TuralakiDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Sam Ratulangi University, Manado, Indonesia.
Fatimawali FatimawaliPharmacy Study Program, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Sam Ratulangi University, Manado, Indonesia.
Lydia Estelina Naomi TendeanDepartment of Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Sam Ratulangi University, Manado, Indonesia.
Martha Marie KasekeDepartment of Anatomy and Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Sam Ratulangi University, Manado, Indonesia.
Dionisius Rafael MakawaehePharmacy Study Program, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Sam Ratulangi University, Manado, Indonesia.
Elne Vieke RambiDepartment of Medical Laboratory Technology, Politeknik Kesehatan Kemenkes Manado, Manado, Indonesia.
Bonglee KimDepartment of Pathology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: Prostate cancer remains a major global health challenge, necessitating precision immunotherapeutic strategies tailored to tumor-associated antigens. This study aimed to design a multi-epitope peptide vaccine targeting prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA), six-transmembrane epithelial antigen of prostate 1 (STEAP1), and B7-H3, three biomarkers strongly associated with prostate cancer progression. Methods: A multi-layered immunoinformatics-driven approach was employed, integrating epitope prediction, antigenicity and immunogenicity assessment, allergenicity and toxicity screening, population coverage analysis, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics simulations. Selected epitopes were assembled into a vaccine construct using appropriate adjuvants and linkers to enhance immune activation and structural stability. Results: The designed vaccine construct demonstrated extensive global HLA allele coverage (97.51%), strong binding affinity to B-cell receptors, MHC molecules, and favorable structural stability during molecular dynamics simulations. Discussion: These findings suggest that the proposed multi-epitope vaccine represents a promising immunotherapeutic candidate for prostate cancer and warrants further experimental validation.

Indexed as

computational vaccine designimmunoinformaticsimmunotherapymulti-epitopeprecision medicineprostate cancertumor-associated antigens

Identifiers

PMID41868236
PMCPMC12999402

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.