Evidence mapPaperPMID 41868321Full record

ArticleRSC advances2026

Molecular and physicochemical arrangement of chitosan-ibuprofen matrices for topical drug delivery on skin: preparation impact.

Barbara Gieroba, Vladyslav Vivcharenko, Grzegorz Kalisz, Paulina Kazimierczak, Olena Mozgova, Maryna Khalavka, Liudmyla Nosach, Izabela S Pięta, Robert Nowakowski, Agata Przekora and 1 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in RSC advances, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Barbara GierobaIndependent Unit of Spectroscopy and Chemical Imaging, Medical University of Lublin Chodźki 4a Street 20-093 Lublin Poland barbara.gieroba-siwiec@umlub.edu.pl anna.sroka-bartnicka@umlub.edu.pl +48-81448-7320 +48-81448-7322.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8549-9848
Vladyslav VivcharenkoDepartment of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Medical University of Lublin Chodźki 1 Street 20-093 Lublin Poland.
Grzegorz KaliszIndependent Unit of Spectroscopy and Chemical Imaging, Medical University of Lublin Chodźki 4a Street 20-093 Lublin Poland barbara.gieroba-siwiec@umlub.edu.pl anna.sroka-bartnicka@umlub.edu.pl +48-81448-7320 +48-81448-7322.
Paulina KazimierczakDepartment of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Medical University of Lublin Chodźki 1 Street 20-093 Lublin Poland.
Olena MozgovaIndependent Unit of Spectroscopy and Chemical Imaging, Medical University of Lublin Chodźki 4a Street 20-093 Lublin Poland barbara.gieroba-siwiec@umlub.edu.pl anna.sroka-bartnicka@umlub.edu.pl +48-81448-7320 +48-81448-7322.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0875-7035
Maryna KhalavkaIndependent Unit of Spectroscopy and Chemical Imaging, Medical University of Lublin Chodźki 4a Street 20-093 Lublin Poland barbara.gieroba-siwiec@umlub.edu.pl anna.sroka-bartnicka@umlub.edu.pl +48-81448-7320 +48-81448-7322.
Liudmyla NosachDepartment of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Medical University of Lublin Chodźki 1 Street 20-093 Lublin Poland.
Izabela S PiętaInstitute of Physical Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences Kasprzaka 44/52 Street 01-224 Warsaw Poland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3394-7116
Robert NowakowskiInstitute of Physical Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences Kasprzaka 44/52 Street 01-224 Warsaw Poland.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8103-3044
Agata PrzekoraDepartment of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Medical University of Lublin Chodźki 1 Street 20-093 Lublin Poland.
Anna Sroka-BartnickaIndependent Unit of Spectroscopy and Chemical Imaging, Medical University of Lublin Chodźki 4a Street 20-093 Lublin Poland barbara.gieroba-siwiec@umlub.edu.pl anna.sroka-bartnicka@umlub.edu.pl +48-81448-7320 +48-81448-7322.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Recent advances in modern medicine emphasize patient-centric and personalized therapeutic strategies, particularly for chronic and regenerative applications. Among emerging biomaterials, chitosan (CS) has gained considerable attention due to its biocompatibility, biodegradability, and antimicrobial properties, while its molecular weight strongly influences structural organization and interactions with active compounds. In this study, chitosan-based matrices-2% (w/v) low-molecular-weight CS, 4% (w/v) low-molecular-weight CS, and 2% (w/v) medium-molecular-weight CS-were developed and enriched with ibuprofen (IBU), a widely used non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, to improve topical delivery and reduce systemic side effects. The physicochemical properties of gelled thin films were investigated with emphasis on molecular arrangement, surface characteristics, and drug release behavior in phosphate-buffered saline. ATR-FTIR spectroscopy, contact angle measurements, and atomic force microscopy (AFM) were employed to evaluate structural and functional changes induced by IBU incorporation. Medium-molecular-weight CS exhibited lower water contact angles (≈69-73°) and higher surface free energy (≈41-44 mN m

Identifiers

PMID41868321
PMCPMC13001597

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.