SynthesisPeerJ2026
Comparative efficacy of non- pharmacological interventions on sleep quality in patients with multiple sclerosis: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.
Synthesis in PeerJ, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of non-pharmacological interventions for improving sleep quality in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) using a systematic review and network meta-analysis. Method: Randomized controlled trials examining the effects of non-pharmacological interventions on sleep quality in patients with MS were retrieved from PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CINAHL, CNKI, Wanfang Database, and VIP Database. The search period spanned from database inception to October 31, 2025. We performed a network meta-analysis using RevMan and Stata software. Results: We included 35 studies involving 2,804 participants and 20 distinct intervention types. The most frequently investigated interventions were exercise-based therapies and cognitive-behavioral approaches. Based on cumulative ranking probabilities, assessed using the surface under the cumulative ranking curve (SUCRA), occupational therapy-based sleep interventions were the most effective for improving subjective sleep quality (SUCRA = 94.2%), followed by mindfulness intervention (SUCRA = 85.9%) and sleep hygiene education (SUCRA = 78.6%). For reducing insomnia severity, effleurage massage ranked highest (SUCRA = 91.9%), followed by cognitive behavioral therapy (SUCRA = 80.1%) and reflexology (SUCRA = 77.0%). Conclusions: Occupational therapy-based sleep interventions and effleurage massage appear to be the most effective non-pharmacological strategies for improving sleep quality in patients with MS. However, further high-quality randomized controlled trials are needed to confirm these findings and strengthen the evidence base.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.