Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41868894›Full record

ArticleAmerican journal of translational research2026

Association of vitamin D and N-acetylcysteine supplementation with anxiety, cognition, and biomarkers in generalized anxiety disorder: a retrospective cohort study.

Yulong Zhang, Xue Han, Fei Jiao, Guodong Huang, Yanhui Liang

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Article in American journal of translational research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Yulong ZhangDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychology (Ward 6), Beidahuang Group Neuropsychiatric Hospital (The Second Hospital of Beidahuang Group) No. 472 Anqing Road, Qianjin District, Jiamusi 154001, Heilongjiang, China.
Xue HanDepartment of Psychiatry (Ward 2), Beidahuang Group Neuropsychiatric Hospital (The Second Hospital of Beidahuang Group) No. 472 Anqing Road, Qianjin District, Jiamusi 154001, Heilongjiang, China.
Fei JiaoDepartment of Medical Insurance, Beidahuang Group Neuropsychiatric Hospital (The Second Hospital of Beidahuang Group) No. 472 Anqing Road, Qianjin District, Jiamusi 154001, Heilongjiang, China.
Guodong HuangDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychology (Ward 6), Beidahuang Group Neuropsychiatric Hospital (The Second Hospital of Beidahuang Group) No. 472 Anqing Road, Qianjin District, Jiamusi 154001, Heilongjiang, China.
Yanhui LiangDepartment of Psychiatry and Psychology (Ward 6), Beidahuang Group Neuropsychiatric Hospital (The Second Hospital of Beidahuang Group) No. 472 Anqing Road, Qianjin District, Jiamusi 154001, Heilongjiang, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo investigate the association between combined vitamin D and N-acetylcysteine (NAC) supplementation and clinical outcomes in patients with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD).

methodsThis retrospective cohort study included 88 propensity-score-matched patients with GAD from Beidahuang Group Neuropsychiatric Hospital. Based on clinical records, patients were classified into an observation group (vitamin D3 + NAC + usual care) and a control group (usual care only). Anxiety symptoms and cognitive function were assessed using the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Automatic Thought Questionnaire (ATQ), and Dysfunctional Attitudes Scale (DAS). Serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D], inflammatory markers [high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6)], oxidative stress parameters [glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD)], and neurochemical markers [brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), dopamine (DA), Serotonin (5-HT), norepinephrine (NE)] were measured at baseline and week 8.

resultsAfter 8 weeks, both groups showed significant improvements in BAI, ATQ, and DAS scores, with greater reductions in the observation group (all

conclusionIn this retrospective cohort, combined vitamin D and NAC supplementation was associated with significantly greater improvements in anxiety symptoms, cognitive patterns, and relevant metabolic biomarkers in patients with GAD compared to usual care alone, supporting its potential as an adjunctive therapy.

Indexed as

generalized anxiety disorderN-acetylcysteineneuroinflammationoxidative stressVitamin D

Identifiers

PMID41868894
PMCPMC13000814

What Socratic holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.