Evidence mapPaperPMID 41869165Full record

ReviewCureus2026

Energy Drink-Related Cardiovascular Presentations in Children and Adolescents: A Narrative Review and Practical Guide for Management.

Eleni Kiose, Zafeiria Titsi, Dimos Mademidis, Dimitrios-Nektarios Iatrou, Dimitrios Kourdakis, Prodromos Bampageorgakas, Antigoni Deri

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Cureus, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Eleni KiosePadiatrics, General Hospital of Komotini, Komotini, GRC.
Zafeiria TitsiCardiology, General Hospital of Komotini, Komotini, GRC.
Dimos MademidisCardiology, General Hospital of Komotini, Komotini, GRC.
Dimitrios-Nektarios IatrouPediatrics, General Hospital of Thessaloniki "G. Gennimatas", Thessaloniki, GRC.
Dimitrios KourdakisRadiology, AHEPA University General Hospital, Thessaloniki, GRC.
Prodromos BampageorgakasCardiology, General Hospital of Komotini, Komotini, GRC.
Antigoni DeriPediatric Cardiology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals Trust, Leeds, GBR.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Energy drink (ED) consumption has become increasingly common among children and adolescents, raising questions about its possible effects on cardiovascular health. Owing to ongoing physiological development and sensitivity to stimulant ingredients, minors may experience distinct responses to these beverages. This review provides an overview of ED components and discusses their potential influence on cardiovascular function in younger populations, as well as the range of symptoms reported in clinical settings. Attention is given to how stimulant-containing drinks may affect heart rate, rhythm, and overall circulatory responses, particularly with frequent or excessive intake. The review also considers broader effects related to sleep and behavioral regulation. Emphasis is placed on the importance of routinely considering ED use when evaluating pediatric patients with cardiovascular complaints and on the need for increased awareness regarding consumption habits among minors.

Indexed as

adolescentsarrhythmiacaffeinecardiovascular effectschildrenemergency departmentenergy drinkspalpitations

Identifiers

PMID41869165
PMCPMC13004584

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.