Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41869441›Full record

ReviewJournal of Cancer2026

A Comprehensive Review of Nanotechnological Innovations in Cancer: from Molecular Pathways to Clinical Applications.

Saqib Nawaz, Wei Ho, Asif Nawaz, Sajid Ur Rahman, Ayesha Zahid, Khalid J Alzahrani, Ibrahim F Halawani, Fuad M Alzahrani, Chien-Chin Chen, Abdul Qadeer

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Journal of Cancer, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
  2. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Saqib NawazAnhui Province Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pathobiology and Disease Control, College of Veterinary Medicine, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, PR China.
Wei HoDepartment of Orthopaedics, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi 600, Taiwan.
Asif NawazFaculty of Agriculture, The University of Agriculture, Dera Ismail Khan, Dera Ismail Khan 29111, Pakistan.
Sajid Ur RahmanDepartment of Public Health and Emergency Management, School of Medicine, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.
Ayesha ZahidInstitute for Biomedicine and Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia.
Khalid J AlzahraniDepartment of Clinical Laboratories Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia.
Ibrahim F HalawaniDepartment of Clinical Laboratories Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia.
Fuad M AlzahraniDepartment of Clinical Laboratories Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia.
Chien-Chin ChenDepartment of Pathology, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi 600, Taiwan.
Abdul QadeerDepartment of Cell Biology, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This review offers an inclusive overview of current cancer treatment options. It examines emerging trends in molecular mechanisms, therapeutic challenges, and nanotechnological innovations that may significantly improve patient outcomes. Cancer is a complex disease characterized by unregulated cellular proliferation, invasion of adjacent tissues, and metastasis. It remains a leading cause of death worldwide, with increasing incidence attributed to factors such as an aging demographic, lifestyle habits, and environmental stimuli. This review examines various cancer types, their associated risk factors, and critical molecular pathways, with the PI3K/Akt/mTOR and Wnt/β-catenin pathways, that facilitate cancer progression. The intricate process of metastasis, the leading cause of cancer fatalities, is examined in depth. The discussion encompasses a comprehensive analysis of diagnostic methods and conventional treatment modalities, including surgical intervention, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and targeted therapies, and addresses their limitations, including toxicity, drug resistance, and unintended side effects. The advent of nanoparticle-based platforms in cancer therapy has facilitated significant progress in targeted drug delivery, enhanced imaging for prompt diagnosis, and the advancement of treatments, such as photothermal and photodynamic therapies. Nanoparticles may provide a vital function in overcoming drug resistance, thereby improving treatment effectiveness. Furthermore, this review emphasizes cancer prevention strategies, which include lifestyle changes and vaccination efforts. The oncological treatment landscape is poised for transformation through advancements in precision medicine, gene therapy, and artificial intelligence. Incorporating nanotechnology into these emerging strategies holds substantial potential for developing more personalized and effective cancer therapies with reduced adverse effects.

Indexed as

cancer therapyMAPK/ERKnanoparticlep53PI3K/Akt/mTORWnt/β-catenin

Identifiers

PMID41869441
PMCPMC13003547

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.