Evidence mapPaperPMID 41869624Full record

SynthesisFrontiers in public health2026

Prevalence and influencing factors of malnutrition in maintenance hemodialysis patients in China: a systematic review.

Yanan Ban, Hailin Zhang, Qianqian Wei, Fei Chen, Xiaoyan Wen, Lixia Yin

Abstract readSystematic ReviewMeta-Analysis
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Frontiers in public health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Yanan BanBlood Purification Centre, Lianyungang Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, China.
Hailin ZhangBlood Purification Centre, Lianyungang Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, China.
Qianqian WeiDepartment of Nursing, Lianyungang Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, China.
Fei ChenDepartment of Nursing, The Fourth People's Hospital of Lianyungang, Lianyungang, China.
Xiaoyan WenBlood Purification Centre, The Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Lianyungang, China.
Lixia YinBlood Purification Centre, Lianyungang Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: The number of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) continues to rise in China, where maintenance hemodialysis (MHD) is a primary treatment. However, long-term hemodialysis is frequently associated with malnutrition, which severely compromises patients' quality of life and prognosis. Objective: To systematically evaluate the incidence and influencing factors of malnutrition in MHD patients by using Meta-analysis methods, thereby providing a basis for early clinical identification and intervention. Methods: We systematically searched PubMed, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, CINAHL, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), VIP, Wan Fang Data and SinoMed. The search covered the period from database inception to October 10, 2025, for studies investigating factors influencing malnutrition in MHD patients. Data were analyzed using Stata 15.0. A random-effects model was applied in cases of substantial heterogeneity ( Results: A total of 26 studies involving 5,055 patients were included, and the overall incidence of malnutrition in MHD patients was 46.9% (95% CI: 41.8-52%). Meta-analysis showed that age (OR = 1.509), body mass index (BMI) (OR = 1.544), dialysis vintage (OR = 2.265), urea clearance index (Kt/V) (OR = 2.019), serum C-reactive protein (CRP) (OR = 3.013), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) (OR = 2.104), protein intake (OR = 3.018), frequency of dialysis (OR = 2.100), depression (OR = 2.671), anxiety (OR = 2.531), monthly household income (OR = 1.563), serum albumin (ALB) (OR = 1.115), frequency of erythropoietin (EPO) use (OR = 1.506) and duration of dialysis per session (OR = 1.879) were the main influencing factors ( Conclusion: Malnutrition is present in 46.9% of maintenance hemodialysis patients. Individualized assessment and intervention targeting these key factors are essential to improve nutritional status and patient prognosis. Systematic review registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/, registration no. CRD42024596946.

Indexed as

MalnutritionRenal DialysisRenal Insufficiency, ChronicChinaHumansIncidencePrevalenceRisk Factorsinfluencing factorsmaintenance hemodialysismalnutritionmeta-analysisprevalence

Identifiers

PMID41869624
PMCPMC13003832

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.