Evidence mapPaperPMID 41869645Full record

ArticleFrontiers in oncology2026

Are thin flaps still a contraindication? Early outcomes of prepectoral DTI reconstruction in a large single-center cohort.

Marzia Salgarello, Niccolò Lazzeri Domar, Ricci Luca, Giuseppe Visconti, Lorenzo Scardina, Sabatino D'Archi, Alba Di Leone, Gianluca Franceschini, Liliana Barone Adesi

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Article in Frontiers in oncology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Marzia SalgarelloDepartment of Woman and Child's Health Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli - IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
Niccolò Lazzeri DomarDepartment of Woman and Child's Health Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli - IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
Ricci LucaDepartment of Woman and Child's Health Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli - IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
Giuseppe ViscontiDepartment of Woman and Child's Health Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli - IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
Lorenzo ScardinaDepartment of Woman and Child's Health Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli - IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
Sabatino D'ArchiDepartment of Woman and Child's Health Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli - IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
Alba Di LeoneDepartment of Woman and Child's Health Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli - IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
Gianluca FranceschiniDepartment of Woman and Child's Health Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli - IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
Liliana Barone AdesiDepartment of Woman and Child's Health Sciences, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli - IRCCS, Rome, Italy.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Introduction: Prepectoral direct-to-implant (DTI) breast reconstruction has gained popularity due to reduced morbidity and improved aesthetic and functional outcomes. However, thin mastectomy flaps (<1 cm, R1 following the Rancati classification) are traditionally considered at higher risk of complications, often leading surgeons to prefer subpectoral or staged approaches. This study evaluates whether prepectoral DTI reconstruction can be safely performed in patients with thin mastectomy flaps, challenging the traditional view that these patients are unsuitable candidates. Materials and methods: A retrospective single-center analysis was conducted on 1239 patients undergoing immediate prepectoral DTI breast reconstruction after nipple-sparing (NSM), skin-sparing (SSM), or skin-reducing mastectomy (SRM) between August 2018 and June 2025 (1663 mastectomies). Patients with prior radiotherapy were excluded. Intraoperative flap thickness was categorized as Group 1 (5-6 mm), Group 2 (7-9 mm), and Group 3 (≥ 10 mm). The primary endpoint were early postoperative complications (<30 days), classified as major or minor. Results: Overall, 152 mastectomies (9.14%) developed early complications. Complication rates were comparable across flap-thickness groups (Group 1: 10.48%, Group 2: 9.57%, Group 3: 8.66%; p = 0.704). Rates of wound dehiscence, infection, implant extrusion, and minor complications did not significantly differ among the groups. Ischemic complications requiring revision were more frequent in thinner flaps (2.1% in Group 1 vs. 0.51% and 0.43% in Groups 2 and 3), although absolute numbers remained low. Periprosthetic seromas showed a statistically significant but clinically modest difference. Conclusions: Flap thickness alone is not an independent predictor of early morbidity in prepectoral DTI reconstruction. When intraoperative perfusion is adequate and a standardized protocol is used, even flaps <1 cm can be safely subjected to DTI prepectoral reconstruction. These findings support expanding prepectoral indications to selected patients with thin mastectomy flaps.

Indexed as

direct-to-implantimplant reconstructionmastectomymastectomy flap thicknessprepectoral breast reconstruction

Identifiers

PMID41869645
PMCPMC13002417

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