Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41870668›Full record

ArticleEuropean journal of orthopaedic surgery & traumatology : orthopedie traumatologie2026

Association of GLP-1 receptor agonist use with outcomes after surgical fixation of femoral neck fracture in patients with type 2 diabetes: a propensity score-matched analysis.

McKenna Box, Troy Puga, Mason Poffenbarger, Yingxian Liu, John Riehl

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Article in European journal of orthopaedic surgery & traumatology : orthopedie traumatologie, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

McKenna BoxDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Medical City Denton, Denton, TX, USA. mckenna.box.med@gmail.com.
Troy PugaDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Medical City Denton, Denton, TX, USA. troypugaorthopaedics@gmail.com.
Mason PoffenbargerDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Medical City Denton, Denton, TX, USA.
Yingxian LiuPhysician Services Group Statistician, Graduate Medical Education, HCA Healthcare (United States), Brentwood, TN, USA.
John RiehlDepartment of Orthopaedic Surgery, Medical City Denton, Denton, TX, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeGlucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) improve glycemic control and support weight management in type 2 diabetics, but their safety during the perioperative period in fracture surgery remains unclear. We hypothesized that preoperative use of GLP-1RA would not increase postoperative complications after surgical fixation of femoral neck fractures.

methodsWe conducted a retrospective propensity score–matched cohort study within an integrated United States health system. Adults with type 2 diabetes undergoing open reduction and internal fixation or closed reduction and percutaneous pinning for AO OTA 31B femoral neck fractures from 2016 to 2023 were included. Exposure was active GLP-1RA use at admission. Matching was 1:2 on age, sex, body mass index, smoking status, and Elixhauser Comorbidity Index. Primary outcomes were aspiration pneumonitis and composite medical complications at 30, 90, and 365 days. Secondary outcomes were implant failure, nonunion, malunion, revision surgery, and mortality.

resultsWe matched 112 GLP-1RA users to 224 patients not using a GLP-1RA. Aspiration pneumonitis was not significantly different (1.8% vs. 2.2%, P = .790). There were no significant differences in length of stay (P = .256), time to surgery (P = .965), ACE (30/90/365-day P > .80), composite medical complications at 30, 90, or 365 days (all P ≥ .363), or mortality/discharge to hospice through 365 days (P = .120). Revision surgery within 365 days occurred in 0% of GLP-1RA users vs. 4.5% in nonusers (P = .063). DISCUSSION: Preoperative GLP-1RA use was not associated with higher perioperative morbidity or mortality after femoral neck fracture fixation and may be linked to fewer reoperations. Larger multicenter studies are warranted. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: III, retrospective cohort.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2Femoral Neck FracturesFracture Fixation, InternalGlucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor AgonistsHypoglycemic AgentsPostoperative ComplicationsAgedAged, 80 and overFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedOpen Fracture ReductionPneumonia, AspirationPropensity ScoreRetrospective StudiesGlucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor AgonistsHypoglycemic AgentsAspiration pneumonitisFemoral neck fractureGlucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonistHip fractureInternal fixationPerioperative complicationsRevision surgeryType 2 diabetes mellitus

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.