Evidence mapPaperPMID 41872245Full record

ArticleScientific reports2026

Semaglutide restores metabolic and structural homeostasis along the gut-heart-metabolic axis in a cafeteria diet-induced obesity model.

Songul Doganay, Sevinc Yanar, İsmail Bolat, Inji Azmammadova, Merve Gulsen Bal Albayrak, Fatima Betul Nogay

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Scientific reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
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0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors.

Songul DoganayDepartment of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Türkiye. songuldoganay@sakarya.edu.tr.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1730-1331
Sevinc YanarDepartment of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara, Türkiye.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6438-7385
İsmail BolatDepartment of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Türkiye.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1398-7046
Inji AzmammadovaDepartment of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Türkiye.ORCID http://orcid.org/0009-0009-4516-2285
Merve Gulsen Bal AlbayrakDepartment of Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Gastroenterology and Hepatology Institute, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Türkiye.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2444-4258
Fatima Betul NogayDepartment of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Sakarya University, Sakarya, Türkiye.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4034-4188

Funding

Scientific Research Projects Coordinator of Sakarya University 2025-27-76-88
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Obesity is a growing global health concern that leads to metabolic imbalances and progressive cardiac remodelling. This study investigated whether semaglutide (SMG) can counteract the disruption to the gut-heart-metabolic axis and associated myocardial injury caused by obesity. Twenty-one male Wistar rats were assigned to control, obese (OB), and obese+semaglutide (OB + SMG) groups. The control group was fed a normal diet, while the obese groups were given a cafeteria diet for 16 weeks. In addition, the OB + SMG group received 150 mcg/kg of SMG subcutaneously once a week for the last four weeks. The following were measured alongside HOMA indices: Lipid profile, cardiac enzymes, leptin, insulin, TMAO and LPS levels. Myocardial and intestinal samples were assessed biochemically and histopathological for the levels of MMP-2/MMP-9, TIMP-1, TGF-β, IL-1β, HO-1, occludin, ZO-1 and claudin. Obesity markedly increased body weight, fasting glucose, leptin, insulin resistance, the atherogenic index and cardiac risk, while also increasing LPS, TMAO, TGF-β, IL-1β, MMP-2/MMP-9 activity and decreasing TIMP-1. Semaglutide significantly reversed these abnormalities, improving metabolic indices, restoring the balance between MMPs and TIMPs, and reducing inflammatory mediators. Histological analysis revealed reduced cardiomyocyte degeneration and enhanced intestinal epithelial architecture in the OB + SMG group. Semaglutide notably enhanced the expression of occludin, claudin, and ZO-1, supporting strengthened intestinal barrier integrity, and restored HO-1 expression, indicating improved antioxidant defenses. These findings suggest that semaglutide provides cardioprotection in obesity by restoring gut barrier function, reducing inflammation and normalizing extracellular matrix turnover. By stabilizing the gut-heart-metabolic axis and mitigating structural myocardial injury, semaglutide may interrupt the progression from metabolic dysfunction to cardiomyopathy. This highlights its therapeutic potential in the treatment of obesity-related cardiovascular disease, extending beyond glycemic control.

Indexed as

Glucagon-Like PeptidesHeartHomeostasisObesityAnimalsDisease Models, AnimalInsulinMaleMyocardiumRatsRats, WistarSemaglutideGlucagon-Like PeptidesInsulinSemaglutideCardiac injuryIntestinal PermeabilityMetabolic EndotoxemiaObesitySemaglutide

Identifiers

PMID41872245
PMCPMC13168637

What Socratic holds

Texttitle and abstract
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.