Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41873447›Full record

SynthesisJournal of Korean medical science2026

Integrated Clinical and Social Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic in Korea: A Combined Systematic and Narrative Review.

Yumi Jang, Jaehun Jung, Kyong Ran Peck

Abstract readSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Journal of Korean medical science, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Yumi JangDepartment of Preventive Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0009-8762-8450
Jaehun JungDepartment of Preventive Medicine, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4856-3668
Kyong Ran PeckDivision of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. krpeck@skku.edu.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7464-9780

Funding

Korea Health Industry Development Institute HD22C2045
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) imposed substantial health and social burdens worldwide, disrupting healthcare delivery and challenging public health governance. Korea's early, coordinated response was associated with low mortality and maintained essential services, yet the prolonged pandemic exposed structural inequalities, workforce strain, and psychosocial impacts. To comprehensively understand these multidimensional effects, this review synthesizes systematic and narrative evidence on the clinical, epidemiologic, and societal consequences of COVID-19 in Korea. We conducted a combined systematic and narrative review of Korean evidence (2020-2025). The systematic review included studies from PubMed, Embase, KoreaMed, and KMbase, supplemented by manual journal searches. Eligible studies addressed key epidemiologic indicators, including seroprevalence, mortality among patients with comorbidities, severe outcomes in high-risk groups, and vaccination coverage by comorbidity. Quality was assessed using Joanna Briggs Institute tools. We additionally examined government white papers, national reports, policy briefs, and peer-reviewed articles to contextualize epidemiologic findings, synthesizing materials across health burden, healthcare system changes, social consequences, and policy responses. Twenty-four epidemiologic studies and 72 narrative sources were included. Seroprevalence remained below 1% during the early pandemic, increasing sharply after omicron's emergence. Patients with chronic illnesses consistently experienced higher risks of severe outcomes and mortality, while high-risk groups showed elevated odds of intensive care use and complications. Alongside clinical patterns, national data documented substantial reductions in outpatient visits, elective procedures, emergency care, and pediatric services. Burnout and psychological distress intensified among healthcare workers, while prolonged distancing and economic disruption contributed to widening social fatigue. Policy responses and vaccination improved population outcomes, although gaps persisted in communication strategies and addressing disparities across age, socioeconomic status, and comorbidity groups. Korea's experience underscores that preparedness must align clinical efficiency with social equity. Strengthening primary and emergency care, ensuring fair compensation and workforce protection, and maintaining transparent risk communication are essential for building a resilient, inclusive public health system to withstand future pandemics.

Indexed as

COVID-19ComorbidityDelivery of Health CareHumansPandemicsRepublic of KoreaSARS-CoV-2Seroepidemiologic StudiesCOVID-19Healthcare UtilizationHealth EquityKoreaPublic Health PreparednessSeroprevalence

Identifiers

PMID41873447
PMCPMC13009678

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.