Evidence mapPaperPMID 41874145Full record

ReviewInfectious disease reports2026

Trace Elements and Viral Infectious Diseases: Dual Roles in Pathogenesis and Immunity.

Carla Mariana da Silva Medeiros, Michely da Silva Sousa, Lucas Hestevan Malta Alfredo, Jemmyson Romário de Jesus, Cícero Alves Lopes Júnior

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Infectious disease reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Carla Mariana da Silva MedeirosGrupo de Estudo em Bioanalítica (GEBIO), Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Piauí-UFPI, Teresina 64049-550, Piauí, Brazil.
Michely da Silva SousaGrupo de Estudo em Bioanalítica (GEBIO), Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Piauí-UFPI, Teresina 64049-550, Piauí, Brazil.
Lucas Hestevan Malta AlfredoNational Institute of Science and Technology of Bioanalytics Lauro Kubota (INCTBio-LK), Institute of Chemistry, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-970, São Paulo, Brazil.
Jemmyson Romário de JesusNational Institute of Science and Technology of Bioanalytics Lauro Kubota (INCTBio-LK), Institute of Chemistry, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-970, São Paulo, Brazil.ORCID 0000-0001-9761-0275
Cícero Alves Lopes JúniorGrupo de Estudo em Bioanalítica (GEBIO), Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Piauí-UFPI, Teresina 64049-550, Piauí, Brazil.ORCID 0000-0001-8379-8174

Funding

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais APQ-01786-22, RED-00144-22, APQ-05429-23, and APQ-03853-25Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa e ao Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico do Maranhão BM-08414/24 and BD-09243/24National Council for Scientific and Technological Development 405828/2022-5 and 408338/2024-5
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionTrace elements such as zinc, selenium, iron, copper, and manganese play a vital role in human health-especially in how the immune system responds and how the body handles viral infections. These trace elements have complex and sometimes context-dependent effects: while they can strengthen the body's defenses, imbalances may promote viral replication and worsen tissue damage.

methodsRelevant articles discussed in this narrative review were identified through searches in major databases, including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, primarily those published from 2020 onwards. DISCUSSION: In this review, we examine key findings on how trace elements influence antioxidant defense, modulate viral replication, and regulate cytokine signaling, considering the context of innate immunity and the pathology of viral diseases. We discuss their impact on major infections such as HIV, viral hepatitis, and coronaviruses, highlighting how deficiencies or excesses of certain minerals can affect disease severity, immune responses, and clinical outcomes. The therapeutic use of trace element supplementation is also examined, emphasizing the importance of maintaining proper balance to avoid harmful effects.

conclusionsThese findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the complex relationship between micronutrients and viral infections, which can inform the development of more effective prevention and treatment strategies. This review underscores the need for further clinical and experimental studies to define optimal levels of these elements in different health and disease scenarios.

Indexed as

human healthimmune responseoxidative stressestrace elementsviral infection

Identifiers

PMID41874145
PMCPMC13010761

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.