ReviewInfectious disease reports2026
Trace Elements and Viral Infectious Diseases: Dual Roles in Pathogenesis and Immunity.
Review in Infectious disease reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
introductionTrace elements such as zinc, selenium, iron, copper, and manganese play a vital role in human health-especially in how the immune system responds and how the body handles viral infections. These trace elements have complex and sometimes context-dependent effects: while they can strengthen the body's defenses, imbalances may promote viral replication and worsen tissue damage.
methodsRelevant articles discussed in this narrative review were identified through searches in major databases, including PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, primarily those published from 2020 onwards. DISCUSSION: In this review, we examine key findings on how trace elements influence antioxidant defense, modulate viral replication, and regulate cytokine signaling, considering the context of innate immunity and the pathology of viral diseases. We discuss their impact on major infections such as HIV, viral hepatitis, and coronaviruses, highlighting how deficiencies or excesses of certain minerals can affect disease severity, immune responses, and clinical outcomes. The therapeutic use of trace element supplementation is also examined, emphasizing the importance of maintaining proper balance to avoid harmful effects.
conclusionsThese findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the complex relationship between micronutrients and viral infections, which can inform the development of more effective prevention and treatment strategies. This review underscores the need for further clinical and experimental studies to define optimal levels of these elements in different health and disease scenarios.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.