Evidence map›Paper›PMID 41874613›Full record

ArticleAbdominal radiology (New York)2026

Agreement of axial T2-MRI versus Contrast-Enhanced CT for solid renal mass active surveillance.

Bendik Breen, Khalefa Alghofaily, Heidi Søgaard Christensen, Jens Brøndum Frøkjær, Ole Graumann, Mats Kleivane, Lise Medrud, Rasa Mikalone, Stig Müller, Gintare Naujokaite and 4 more

Abstract readComparative Study
In one paragraph

Article in Abdominal radiology (New York), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

14 authors.

Bendik BreenDepartment of Radiology, Akershus University Hospital, Lillestrøm, Norway.
Khalefa AlghofailyDepartment of Radiology, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Canada.
Heidi Søgaard ChristensenDepartment of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark.
Jens Brøndum FrøkjærDepartment of Radiology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark.
Ole GraumannDepartment of Radiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
Mats KleivaneDepartment of Radiology, Akershus University Hospital, Lillestrøm, Norway.
Lise MedrudDepartment of Radiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
Rasa MikaloneDepartment of Radiology, Regionshospitalet Viborg, Viborg, Denmark.
Stig MüllerInstitute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Gintare NaujokaiteDepartment of Radiology, Aalborg University Hospital, Aalborg, Denmark.
Anne NegårdDepartment of Radiology, Akershus University Hospital, Lillestrøm, Norway.
Ivar Mjåland SalteDepartment of Radiology, Akershus University Hospital, Lillestrøm, Norway.
Nicola SchiedaDepartment of Radiology, Ottawa Hospital, Ottawa, Canada.
Jens BorgbjergDepartment of Radiology, Akershus University Hospital, Lillestrøm, Norway. jb@castlemountain.dk.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purposeActive surveillance (AS) of small renal masses (SRMs) typically relies on contrast-enhanced CT for serial size measurement. Non-contrast (NC) MRI protocols may provide an alternative. To assess the agreement of maximum axial tumor diameter and tumor nearness between NC MRI and contrast-enhanced CT for SRM surveillance, and to compare diagnostic confidence in tumor delineation across modalities.

methodsWe retrospectively identified 50 patients (mean age, 62.9 years; 44% women) who underwent both contrast-enhanced CT and axial T2-weighted MRI within 3 months as part of AS protocol. Nine radiologists from five hospitals independently assessed maximum tumor diameter (axial plane) and tumor nearness to the collecting system (TN, three-tier scale) and subjectively graded their diagnostic confidence in delineating the tumor contour (DC, 5-point scale) in 50 CT and MRI scans across four randomized reading sessions. Observer agreement for diameter assessment was quantified using the limits of agreement with the mean (LOAM), whereas TN and DC were analyzed using Gwet's AC2.

resultsMean tumor diameters were 19.9 mm for CT and 19.5 mm for MRI (mean difference, 0.4 mm; p = 0.051). Reproducibility LOAMs were ± 2.9 [2.7-3.2] mm (CT) and ± 3.1 [2.9-3.4] mm (MRI), with overlapping confidence intervals. TN ratings and agreement were similar for CT and MRI (p = 0.61; p = 0.86, respectively), whereas DC ratings were higher and interobserver agreement was better for CT (p < 0.001 and p = 0.009, respectively)..

conclusionNC axial T2-weighted MRI demonstrated tumor diameter agreement comparable to contrast-enhanced CT, along with comparable TN ratings and agreement, whereas CT yielded higher DC and better interobserver agreement for DC.

Indexed as

Contrast MediaKidney NeoplasmsMagnetic Resonance ImagingTomography, X-Ray ComputedWatchful WaitingAgedFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedReproducibility of ResultsRetrospective StudiesContrast MediaActive surveillanceContrast-enhanced CTNon-contrast MRISmall renal massesTumor diameter measurement

Identifiers

PMID41874613
PMCPMC13578068

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.